机载计算机电磁兼容性设计
2014-06-30杨宁
杨宁
摘 要: 介绍了电磁兼容的定义、目的,设计步骤、试验项目和要求,针对机载计算机电磁兼容的特点和工程实践,提出解决机载计算机电磁兼容问题重点关注的四个方面,即电缆设计、机械结构设计、电源滤波器设计和计算机电源接地和信号接地设计。通过总结机载计算机设计和电磁兼容试验中出现的具体问题,从理论上分析问题产生的机理,提出切实可行的工程解决方法。最后强调该技术是试验性的科学,解决方案必须通过电磁兼容试验验证。
关键词: 电磁兼容; 传导发射; 辐射发射; 浪涌; 静电放电
中图分类号: TN40?34 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2014)12?0026?04
Abstract: EMC′s definition, purpose, design process, experimental content and demand are introduced in this paper. Four aspects (cable design, mechanical design, power filter design, and computer power ground and signal ground design) to achieve airborne computer EMC are proposed according to the characteristics and engineering practice of airborne computer EMC. By summarizing the issues appearing in airborne computer design and testing, the mechanism that the problems occured was analysed in theory. The practical engineering solutions are put forward. The solution must pass EMC test verification because the EMC technology is experimental science, the author stressed emphatically.
Keywords: electromagnetic compatibility; conducted emission; radiated emission; surge; electrostatic discharge
电磁兼容一般指电器及电子设备在共同的电磁环境中能执行各自功能的共存状态,即要求在同一电磁环境中的各种设备都能正常工作又互不干扰,达到“兼容”状态。换句话说,电磁兼容是指电子线路、设备、系统相互不影响,从电磁角度具有相容性的状态。电磁兼容性设计的目的是解决电路之间的相互干扰,防止电子设备产生过强的电磁发射及对外界干扰过度敏感等问题。随着电子技术、计算机技术和集成电路技术的发展,集计算、处理和通信功能于一体的机载计算机的电磁兼容问题越来越突出,电磁兼容设计已经具有与产品功能设计同样的重要性。电磁兼容性设计的优劣是通过对产品进行电磁兼容性试验来检验的。一般来说,电磁兼容性设计的工作步骤如图1所示。
1 电磁兼容性试验要求……p>
