口服布洛芬治疗动脉导管未闭早产儿的疗效及安全性评价
2014-06-26熊寒梅等
熊寒梅等
【摘要】 目的:观察口服制剂布洛芬对早产儿动脉导管未闭(PDA)的治疗疗效和不良反应。方法:选择符合入选标准的早产儿PDA 106例,给予口服布洛芬混悬滴剂,每24小时给药一次,剂量分别为(10-5-5)mg/kg。用药期间和结束后监测PDA关闭情况、循环功能、肾功能、出凝血功能和颅内出血发生情况。结果:(1)经治疗99例(99/106,93.4%)PDA关闭。(2)疗效与胎龄有关,胎龄≥34周疗效为96.4%(54/56),优于胎龄<34周的疗效90%(45/50),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。出生体质量≥2000 g疗效与出生体质量<2000 g相当,分别为94.2%(49/52) 和 92.6%(50/54),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(3)不良反应表现为一过性少尿(46.2%),肌酐和尿素水平正常。未发现血小板减少。早产儿喂养不耐受发生率为29.2%,程度较轻,未出现坏死性小肠结肠炎。未发现颅内出血加重。结论:口服布洛芬可以关闭早产儿动脉导管未闭,近期不良反应发生率较低。但尚需观察其远期不良反应,以评价其安全性。
【关键词】 早产儿; 动脉导管未闭; 布洛芬
【Abstract】 Objective:To study efficacy and safety of oral ibuprofen(Motrin suspension) in the treatment of preterm infant with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Method:A total of 106 preterm infants with PDA were included 3 to 18 days after birth. The patients were orally administered ibuprofen, and the doses were 10-5-5 mg/kg every 24 hours. Monitoring PDA closure rate, circulatory function, renal function, blood coagulation and the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage were taken before and after the treatment. Result:(1)99 patients(99/106,93.4%)got the closure of PDA. (2)The efficacy was related to the GA. The higher closure rate was in the newborns with GA ≥34 weeks (54/56,96.4%) than ones with GA < 34 weeks (45/50, 90%), P<0.05. There were no significantly differences in the closure rate between the BW≥2000 g group (49/52, 94.2%) and BW <2000 g group (50/54, 92.6%),P>0.05.(3)Side effects manifested as a transient oliguria (46.2%), creatinine and urea levels were normal. No thrombocytopenia. Feeding intolerance in preterm children was 29.2%, to a lesser extent, necrotizing enterocolitis does not appear. Aggravation of intracranial hemorrhage was not found. Conclusion:The efficacy and safety of administration of oral ibuprofen for treating PDA in preterm infants are acceptable. However, pharmacokinetics and clinical controlled trials are needed in the future in preterm infants to prove the therapeutic effect and make the efficient regimen.
【Key words】 Infant; Premature patent ductus arteriosus; Ibuprofen
早产儿动脉导管未闭(patent ductus arteriosus,PDA)是早产儿生后早期的主要心血管事件,可以严重影响心肺功能,尤其在早产儿RSD和慢性肺疾病的治疗期间,加重肺水肿,影响通气和换气功能,导致呼吸机和用氧时间延长,影响疾病进程,增加支气管肺发育不良、早产儿视网膜病和脑室旁白质软化的发生率。及早关闭PDA对改善早产儿的近、远期预后有重大意义。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 本院新生儿重症监护室,于2011年10月-2013年10月共收治早产儿PDA 106例,入选标准:胎龄<36+5周,住院时间<2周,出现PDA症状和体征,胸部X线提示肺充血、心脏增大,于生后≥72 h经彩色多普勒超声心动图证实为PDA。排除标准:有出血倾向或Ⅲ级以上脑室内出血,血小板<100×109/L,肾功能不全,坏死性小肠结肠炎,先天发育畸形。……
