毛/涤混纺织物改性分散染料染色性能研究
2014-05-06张炜栋黄旭
张炜栋+黄旭
摘要:本文研发了一种新型的改性分散染料并对其染色性能进行研究。将β-乙烯砜硫酸酯活性基团引入到分散染料分子中,合成新的反应型分散染料,β-乙烯砜硫酸酯活性基团与羊毛形成共价键从而上染纤维,分散染料则上染涤纶。这种改性分散染料在pH值 7,100 ℃时具有最高上染百分率。研究发现,含有双β-乙烯砜硫酸酯活性基团的改性分散染料的染色性能优于含单个活性基团的改性分散染料。改性分散染料的摩擦、皂洗和汗渍牢度较好。
关键词:改性分散染料;中性条件;毛/涤混纺织物;上染百分率
中图分类号:TS193.2 文献标志码:A
Dyeing Property of Reactive Disperse Dyes on Wool/ Polyester Blended Fabric
Abstract: A kind of new reactive disperse dye and its dyeing properties were researched. The bissulphatoethylsolphone reactive groups were introduced into the disperse dye and formed a new reactive disperse dye. The bis-sulphatoethylsolphone reactive groups could form covalent bond with wool and disperse dyes could be taken up to polyester. Maximum exhaustion values were observed at pH value 7 and 100℃. The dyes containing bis-sulphatoethylsolphone reactive groups had better dyeing properties compared with mono-sulphatoethylsulphone reactive group dyes. All dyed fabrics had good rub fastness, soaping fastness and perspiration fastness.
Key words: reactive disperse dyes; neutral condition; wool/polyester blend fabric; dye uptake
对于毛/涤混纺织物,由于涤纶纤维和羊毛纤维的物理和化学特性不同,通常需要采用两种染料分别上染,其工艺路线长、时间长、能耗大,且对羊毛纤维损伤大。对此,业界致力于研究毛涤混纺织物分散染料一浴法染色,但一浴法通常有分散染料对羊毛沾色、染色温度不一致和染色同色性等问题,因此毛涤混纺织物一浴染色受到极大限制。
蔡翔、宋心远等人提出了羊毛/涤纶混纺织物分散染料助剂增溶染色的上染理论模型。Stapleton和Waters合成了用于毛涤混纺织物的活性分散染料,该系列染料中含有溴乙基砜活性基团,此类染料通过调整染料分子亲水疏水平衡值,使得染料对亲水性纤维亲和力发生改变,从而达到控制染料在羊毛和涤纶纤维中的分配。当该系列染料分子中引入较长的烷烃链时,疏水性增强,有利于染料对涤纶纤维的上染,当染料分子中引入较多羟基时,亲水性增强,有利于染料对羊毛纤维的上染。……
