中草药处理对辣椒贮藏特性的影响
2014-04-29苏丹等
苏丹等
摘要 [目的] 探明中草药处理下辣椒的贮藏特性,选择适宜的辣椒贮藏方法。[方法]以贵州地方辣椒品种为材料,探讨了3种不同中草药浸提液处理对4个辣椒品种的贮藏效果及其生理生化品质的影响。[结果]试验表明,不同的中草药处理在不同辣椒品种上的表现不尽相同,青蒿处理下,4个辣椒品种在各贮藏时期的腐烂指数和后熟指数均最低,与对照处理的差异达到极显著水平。在贮藏过程中,辣椒果实的含水量、叶绿素含量及VC含量不断下降,可溶性蛋白质与丙二醛含量先升高后下降。综合而言,青蒿处理对延缓辣椒果实叶绿素含量、VC含量、果实含水量的降低及MDA含量升高较其他处理效果好。[结论]研究可为贵州辣椒贮藏技术的改进提供一定的理论依据。
关键词 辣椒;贮藏特性;中草药
中图分类号 S641.3 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2014)13-04036-05
Abstract [Objective] To explore the storage characteristics of pepper under the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine, select suitable storage method for pepper. [Method] With Guizhou local pepper variety as material, effects of three kinds of traditional Chinese medicine extracts on storage and physiological and biochemical qualities of four pepper varieties were discussed. [Result] The results showed that, it had the lowest rot index and ripening index by Artemisia treatment for 4 pepper varieties, and it had a very significant level difference with the control treatment. The content of water, chlorophyll and Vc decreased and the content of soluble protein and MDA decreased after increasing in pepper fruits by Chinese herbal medicine treatment. Artemisia treatment is better than other treatments in delaying decrease of chlorophyll, Vc, moisture content and increase of MDA content. [Conclusion] The study can provide theoretical basis for improvement of pepper storage technology in Guizhou.
Key words Pepper; Storage characteristic; Chinese herbal medicine
辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.) 原产于热带,是我国蔬菜种植的主要品种之一,而贵州则是我国辣椒种植的主要产区之一。据2010年统计,贵州辣椒种植面积达22.75万hm2,鲜椒产量达237.1万t,产值60.3亿元[1]。由于辣椒属非呼吸跃变型果实,而且对低温敏感,所以采后不仅容易发生失水萎蔫、衰老转红及腐烂,在低温贮藏下还容易发生冷害,严重制约着辣椒产业的发展。
目前,许多化学保鲜剂得到了较为广泛的运用,但却存在食品安全问题,而中草药作为一种天然无毒的材料逐步被人们重视。现有的研究表明[2],采用中草药对果蔬进行保鲜,不但保鲜效果好,对环境无污染,还可增强果蔬的色、香、味等,可中草药保鲜在辣椒上的运用还较为少见。……
