孝感市鸟类多样性调查与分析
2014-04-29丁强雷永松高嵩陈肆黄大勇杨华胡俊
丁强 雷永松 高嵩 陈肆 黄大勇 杨华 胡俊
摘要:根据2010年01月~2013年12月间调查数据,孝感市鸟类有16目52科114属181种。其中,Ⅰ、Ⅱ级重点保护对象22种;古北界鸟95种,东洋界鸟类56种,广布种30种;留鸟61种,冬候鸟61种,旅鸟21种,夏侯鸟36种,迷鸟2种。鸟类Shannon.Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀性指数分别为H:3694、E:0710;F:25568、G:4516、G-F:0819。调查表明:加强湿地保护,能够更好地维护鸟类多样性。
关键词:鸟类;多样性;孝感市
中图分类号:S7186文献标识码:A文章编号:1004-3020(2014)03-0047-05
Investigation and Analysis of Bird Diversity in Xiaogan City
Ding Qiang(1) Lei Yongsong(2)Gao Song(3)Chen Si(3)Huang Dayong(4)Yang Hua(5)Hu Jun(6)
(1.Xiaogan City Wild animal and forest plant Conservation StationXiaogan432000;2. Hubei Provincial Monitoring Center
for Wild Animal epidemic diseaseWuhan430075;3. Dawu County Forest Pest and Disease Control StationXiaogan432800;
4.Anlu City Animal and Forest Plant Conservation StationAnlu432600;5. Hanchuan City Forest Pest and Disease Control
StationHanchuan432300;6. Xiaogan City Forestry Science And Technology Extension CenterXiaogan432000)
Abstract: 181 species of birds belonging to 114 genera, 52 families, and 16 orders were recorded from January 2010 to December 2013 in Xiaogan city and anlysed in this paper. Among the birds, 22 species had been listed in Chinese National Key Protected Wild Animals. 95 species belonged to palearctic birds,and 56 species belonged to oriental birds, and 30 species were widely distributed; 61 species were resident birds,and 61 species were winter migrants,and 21 species were passing birds, and 36 species were summer migrants, and 2 species were stragglers. The ShannonWiener Diversity Index and Pielou Evenness Index were 3694(H), 0.710(E), 25.568(F), 4.516(G) and 0.819(GF). The investigation showed that we should strengthen wetand protection to maintain the diversity of birds.
Key words:birds;diversity;Xiaogan City
利用孝感市野生动物疫源疫病监测调查保存在国家网络服务器的数据,从物种丰富度、生态类型、具有国际重要价值的湿地等方面,分析本市2010年1月~2013年12月年间鸟类资源多样性。
1自然概况
1.1区位条件
孝感市位于东经113°19′~114°36′、北纬30°22′~31°52′的长江中游北岸,总面积8 910 km2,其中,长江流域占947%,淮河流域占53%。最高海拔双峰尖8737 m,最低海拔白水湖175 m。年均温162 ℃,≥10 ℃的积温为5 0919 ℃,年均降水量1 1338 mm,全年无霜期234天。
1.2自然资源
境内属长江流域一、二级支流的水系有汉江、府河、滠水,汉北河、澴河;竹竿河为淮河流域一级支流。流域面积>100 km2的河流34条、流长1 400多km;境内>6 m2湖泊8处,面积1418 km2;在册水库库容984亿m3,人工水产养殖、种植水面面积大、水质中性,植物丰茂、水生动物丰富;有林地1 509 775 hm2,森林覆盖率2001%。这些自然环境资源既为留鸟、候鸟繁衍提供了保障,也为旅鸟停歇、觅食提供空间。
1.3鸟类资源
本市动物地理区划属东洋界——中印亚界——华中区——东部丘陵平原亚区,自1999年首次陆生野生动物资源普查至今,通过收容、影像、调查的方法,按《中国鸟类分类及分布名录》分类 [1 ]记录鸟17目58科139属245种,其中,国家重点级保护的Ⅰ级3种、Ⅱ级34种。……p>
