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秭归县退耕还林固碳释氧效益分析

2014-04-29谭本旺崔鸿侠潘磊马德举王晓荣

湖北林业科技 2014年3期

谭本旺 崔鸿侠 潘磊 马德举 王晓荣

摘要:本文对秭归县退耕还林工程主要造林树种及其造林面积进行了统计分析,并对全县退耕还林工程固碳释氧效益进行了测算,结果表明:秭归县退耕还林中经济林面积最大,其次是阔叶林,针叶林面积最小。工程造林面积超过1 000 hm2的树种是依次是核桃、刺槐、柑桔、板栗、紫穗槐和茶叶。秭归县退耕还林工程年固碳量为64 7807 t,年释氧量为110 468.7 t,为全县生态环境和固碳减排发挥了巨大作用。

关键词:退耕还林;固碳释氧;秭归县

中图分类号:S718.56文献标识码:A文章编号:1004-3020(2014)03-0006-03

Analysis on Carbon Fixation and Oxygen Release Benefit of

Returning Farmland to Forest in Zigui County

Tan Benwang(1)Cui Hongxia(2)Pan Lei(2)Ma Deju(1)Wang Xiaorong(2)

(1.Zigui County Forestry BureauYichang443600; 2. Hubei Academy of ForestryWuhan430075)

Abstract: The main planting tree species and area of returning farmland to forest were analyzed in Zigui County, and the carbon fixation and oxygen release benefit was counted. The results showed the area of non-timber product forest was maximum, and that of broadleaf forest was secondly, and that of coniferous forest was minimum. The tree species which area was more than 1 000 hm2 were in the following order: Juglans regia, Robinia pseudoacacia, Citrus reticulate, Castanea mollissima, Amorpha fruticosa, Camellia sinensis. The carbon fixation amount and the oxygen release amount of returning farmland to forest in Zigui County were 64 7801 t·a-1 and 110 4687 t·a-1, respectively. The project of returning farmland to forest plays an important role for ecological environment and fixing carbon and reducing discharge of the whole county.

Key words:returning farmland to forest; carbon fixation and oxygen release; Zigui County

森林作为陆地生态系统的主体,通过植被、土壤动物和微生物固定二氧化碳,并释放氧气\[1-2\]。随着大气中的CO2浓度不断增加,导致大气温室效应逐渐增强,全球气候变暖,人类社会正面临着生态安全的威胁。森林不仅可以消减温室气体,而且对缓解全球温室效应,以及对全球气候变化和碳平衡都具有重要作用\[3\]。

退耕还林是我国实施的一项最大的林业生态建设工程,从保护和改善生态环境出发,将易造成水土流失的坡耕地有计划,有步骤地停止耕种,按照适地适树的原则,因地制宜的植树造林,恢复森林植被。秭归县是湖北省实施退耕还林的第一批试点县,迄今为止全县共完成坡耕地退耕还林149万hm2,荒山荒地造林088万hm2。开展退耕还林工程生态效益监测评价,必将对提升退耕还林工程建设和管理水平提供有力的支撑和保障。关于秭归县退耕还林工程的生态效益监测与评价主要集中在水源涵养和水土保持等方面\[4-5\],对退耕还林固碳释氧效益方面的研究很少。……

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