刘玉华等

摘要[目的] 为有效控制鸭大肠杆菌病的流行提供参考依据。[方法] 利用分离自泰州某规模化养鸭场的大肠杆菌菌株TZY1作为菌种，制备鸭大肠杆菌铝胶灭活苗，并进行相应的质量检验。[结果] 通过无菌检验、安全检验和动物保护力试验发现自制疫苗无外源性微生物污染，对雏鸭安全性好。对雏鸭的攻毒试验结果表明制备疫苗的免疫保护率达100%，该疫苗的免疫剂量为0.5 ml。田间试验结果表明免疫保护率达95.1%。[结论] 成功制备了鸭大肠杆菌铝胶灭活苗。

关键词鸭；大肠杆菌；铝胶；灭活苗；制备

中图分类号S834文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611（2014）36-12929-02

Abstract[Objective] The research aimed to provide reference basis for controlling the prevalence of duck colibacillosis effectively. [Method] TZY1 strain of Escherichia coli separated from a largescale duck farm in Taizhou was used to prepare the aluminum hydroxide inactivated vaccine against Escherichia coli of duck. And its quality indices were examined. [Result] The results of sterilization test， safety examination and animal protection test showed that the selfprepared vaccine wasnt polluted by exogenous microorganisms and it had good safety to ducklings. The results of challenge experiment on ducklings showed that the immune protection rate of the selfprepared vaccine reached 100% and its immunization dose was 0.5 ml. The results of field experiment shoed that the immune protection rate was 95.1%. [Conclusion] Aluminum hydroxide inactivated vaccine against Escherichia coli of duck was successfully prepared.

Key wordsDuck； Escherichia coli； Aluminum hydroxide； Inactivated vaccine； Preparation

鴨大肠杆菌病是由某些致病血清型的大肠杆菌引起的鸭较为常见的细菌性疾病[1]。随着泰州地区养鸭业的规模化发展，鸭大肠杆菌病发病严重，死亡率高，给当地养鸭业带来了巨大的经济损失。在养鸭生产中，使用抗菌药物是治疗鸭大肠杆菌病的主要方法，但由于大肠杆菌容易产生耐药性，导致该病的药物治疗效果并不理想。接种疫苗是控制传染病的有效措施之一，但我国目前已报道的鸭源致病性大肠杆菌血清型约有50余种，不同地区有一定差异[2]，市场上很难买到有效疫苗来预防鸭大肠杆菌病。笔者利用分离自泰州发病鸭场的大肠杆菌菌株研制鸭大肠杆菌自家铝胶灭活苗，并进行了相应的质量检验，以期为有效控制鸭大肠杆菌病的流行提供参考依据。

1材料与方法

1.1材料

1.1.1菌株。

制苗用菌株和攻毒用菌株均为致病性鸭大肠杆菌TZY1，由泰州某规模化养鸭场大肠杆菌发病鸭的肝脏中分离、鉴定并保存。……