APP下载

山东灰霉病菌对腐霉利的抗药性检测

2014-04-29刘超张悦丽张博李长松石磊齐军山

农学学报 2014年12期

刘超 张悦丽 张博 李长松 石磊 齐军山

摘  要:为监测灰霉病菌对腐霉利的抗药性,2012年12月到2013年5月,在山东省内10个市县,采集灰霉病菌样本150余份,分离得到灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)菌株130株,采用生长速率法对130株灰霉病菌进行抗药性检测。结果表明,腐霉利对灰霉病菌的EC50的范围为0.1208~12.486 ?g/mL,平均EC50为4.03 ?g/mL,抗性频率达到67.69%。其中低抗菌株占52.38%,中抗菌株占19.048%,未检测到高抗菌株。本研究可为灰霉病的防治特别是杀菌剂的轮换使用提供依据。

关键词:灰葡萄孢;杀菌剂;腐霉利;抗药性

中图分类号:S482.2    文献标志码:A    论文编号:2014-0213

Resistance Detection for Botrytis cinerea Against Procymidone in Shandong Province

Liu Chao1,2, Zhang Yueli2, Zhang Bo2, Li Changsong2, Shi Lei1, Qi Junshan2

(1School of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China;

2Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/

Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China)

Abstract: In order to monitor procymidone resistance of Botrytis cinerea, from December of 2012 to May of 2013, many Botrytis cinerea samples were collected from 10 cities in Shandong, and 130 isolates were purified from them. The resistances of Botrytis cinerea were determined in 130 isolates by measuring the mycelia growth on the fungicide-amended media. The means of the 50% effective concentration values (EC50) were 4.03 ?g/mL. The resistance frequency was 67.69%, 52.38% of Botrytis cinerea was low resistant strains, 19.048% of Botrytis cinerea was moderate resistant strains; there was no high resistant strain. The results provided a theoretical basis for using fungicides efficiently to prevent and control botrytis cinerea in the field.

Key words: Botrytis cinerea; Fungicides; Procymidone; Resistance

0  引言

灰霉病是危害最严重、分布最广泛的植物病害之一,其病原灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea),于2012年被《Molecular Plant Pathology》杂志评为最重要的十大植物病原真菌中的第2位。可侵染番茄、草莓、梨、黄瓜、西葫芦、芸豆、莴苣、辣椒、猕猴桃、葡萄以及核桃甚至小麦等数百种作物[1-5]。据黑龙江农科院的王春艳[6]报道,1988年黑龙江省绥化地区大面积爆发灰霉病,损失高达38%~42%,发病面积占生产面积的80%以上,造成了严重的经济损失。

灰霉病菌繁殖快、易变异,其防治难点在于极易产生抗药性。国内外对灰霉病抗药性有不少的报道,1992年刘波等[7]发现某些地区的灰霉菌株对腐霉利有一定的抗药性,并得出苯并咪唑类和二甲酰亚胺类的抗药性二者不存在交互抗性的结论。1997年,李林等[8]在对282株灰霉菌株的研究中,发现多菌灵的抗性菌株已经达到了81.9%,而对腐霉利已经产生抗性,大多数菌株处于低抗水平。2001年,丁中等[9]在山东3个保护地的采样结果表明,多菌灵与腐霉利的双抗菌株的频率达到100%。……

登录APP查看全文