熊胜益

摘要:本文以巫家坝站为例，介绍了昆明地铁标准地下车站的大系统设计思路。结合昆明的建筑热工分区特点，全地下线采用站台设置全高安全门的开式通风(含活塞通风)系统，并阐明了车站公共区不设空调系统的原因。大系统采用送风兼排烟的方式，不仅可降低分设系统的投资成本及控制难度，还能节省公共区有限的空间资源。大系统设计应根据公共区的余热分布和建筑防火分区特点，结合装修吊顶造型，合理划分防烟分区及布设风口，做到设备选型合理有据，并辅以适当的系统控制策略，取得功能与美观统一的设计效果。

关键词:开式通风系统，公共区，送风兼排烟，风量计算，控制策略

The Design of Ventilation and Air Conditioning System for Standard Metro Station in Kunming

Xiong Shengyi

(China Railway Siyuan Group Southwest Survey and Design Group CO. LTD., Kunming, China)

Abstract: In this paper, take Wujiaba station as an example to introduce the design thoughts of ventilation and air conditioning system in Kunming standard metro station. Based on the characteristics of building thermal design zones in Kunming, the open ventilation system with tunnel piston wind, the high safety doors is set on the station platform, is used in the whole metro line. The reason why public area is not used air conditioning system in metro station is analyzed. And the ventilation system of mechanical air supply plus smoke exhaust can obviously reduce investment cost of ventilation system, difficulties of control strategy, and save space resource. According on the characteristics of waste heat distributions, fire compartments and decoration form, it is important to reasonably divided smoke prevention compartment, set up tuyeres and select equipment, and necessarily make proper control strategy to achieve excellent design effect that unitying function and beauty to a high degree

Keywords: open ventilation system，public area，air supply plus smoke exhaust，calculation of ventilation load，control strategy

中图分类号： TD724文献标识码： A

0引言

地铁是一种特殊的城市公共交通设施，具有速度快、运量大和正点率高等诸多优点，可有力解决日益突出的城市交通拥堵问题。地铁车站是供乘客活动、乘车和候车的场所，公共区良好的通风空调系统可提供乘客舒适、清洁和安全的环境。相比车站建设总投资而言，通风空调系统设备投资所占比例仅为8%～10%，但其运行能耗所占车站总能耗的比例则达到40%左右[1]。对车站通风空调系统进行合理的设计及选型，成为有效降低车站总运行能耗的关键之处。

行业上习惯将车站公共区通风空调系统称作大系统。国内大多数城市的地铁车站公共区普遍采用闭式和屏蔽门式一次回风变风量全空气系统[2]，而昆明城市气候与众不同，属于温和地区，年平均温度为15℃[3]，具有“四季如春”的特点，于此，为昆明地铁适宜地设计出一套技术经济合理的大系统显得尤为必要。……