衍秀公园，辽阳，辽宁，中国

2014-02-18景观设计北京清华同衡规划设计研究院有限公司

世界建筑 2014年2期

关键词：辽阳公园景观

景观设计：北京清华同衡规划设计研究院有限公司

Landscape Design: Beijing Tsinghua Tongheng Urban Planning and Design Institute Ltd.

衍秀公园，辽阳，辽宁，中国

Yanxiu Park, Liaoyang, Liaoning, China, 2012

景观设计：北京清华同衡规划设计研究院有限公司

Landscape Design: Beijing Tsinghua Tongheng Urban Planning and Design Institute Ltd.

辽阳衍秀公园位于辽阳市河东新城起步区，太子河东岸，与老城区隔河相望。总长约1km，占地面积约28 hm2。

如何定位？如何解决生态与人们活动场地的矛盾？如何解决淹没区防洪与景观的关系问题？这些是设计中重点考虑的问题，尤其是应对洪水位变化的问题，显得尤为突出。

公园大面积区域处于百年一遇洪水范围内，通常情况下处于常水位之上，并且大量植被长势良好，有较强的场地空间利用价值。因此，设计通过运用对不同高程范围内场地空间进行因地制宜的设计手法，实现了该公园具有调蓄水量、非汛期市民亲水愿望的目标。

（1）作为太子河泄洪区一部分，园内河道进行必要疏浚——拓深河槽、湖面，形成复式河道。

（2）沿河槽岸线设置隐形堤坝，尽量将矩形、梯形断面做成复式断面，弃用硬质护岸，改用软质生态护岸。

（3）构建生物栖息地。

（4）场地多空间设计为市民提供在非汛期丰富多彩的活动空间。

（5）滩区地势较高的区域布置休闲运动场地，供市民在业余时间进行各种文体活动。

（6）沿河堤缓坡地区种植特色观赏植被，形成开放休憩空间和观赏性较强的城市景观带。

公园设计秉承实用、经济、美观的设计原则，通过保留、恢复、重建原有的景观要素——水系、道路、种植基调为主，并与人为空间形成镶嵌性的空间组合结构，使两者彼此协调发展，形成自然生态与人工生态有机结合的生态安全格局。

项目信息/Credits and Data

项目主持/Principal in Charge：胡洁

项目顾问/Project Consultation：安友丰，吕璐珊，David Clough，赵明

设计团队/Design Team：孙百宁，潘芙蓉，蔡丽红，梁超，滕晓漪，张凡，常广隶，范汉，朱闫明子，张申亮，胡子威

项目规模/Area：28 hm2

设计时间/Design Period：2011-2012

Yanxiu Park is part of the first phase development of Hedong New City in Liaoyang. It is separated from the old city by a 1km stretch of the Taizi River. The site is within a 28 hectare flood plain of sharp topographical shifts, steep slopes and complex embankment configurations-land on which development is difficult and buildings cannot and should not be built.

The primary planning objective was to resolve conflicts between environmental protection and human activities and to formulate a landscape design approach that would provide for flood control and minimize the potential for damage due to variations in water level during storm events.

Most of the park’s land area is above the 100 year flood elevation, so typically it is not flooded and allowed for good planting conditions. Concepts consistent with the design approach included:

(1) Dredging within the area to increase the depth and width of the lake and connect water bodies, in effect creating two parallel river ways.

(2) Creating a hidden dyke along the river's edge, making the mostly rectangular or trapezoidal section shape a twin section and creating a "soft planted" embankment along the river.

(3) Creating flora and fauna habitats.

(4) Providing water based or other activities for residents in non-flood seasons.

(5) Locating sites for recreational sports, various activities and amenities in comparatively high elevation areas.

(6) Planting interesting ornamental plants along the gentle riverbank slopes, forming open spaces with attractive visual effects within the urban landscape.

The design demonstrates a practical and economical approach to creating an attractive public park that preserves, restores and enhances the site’s original landscape elements of water, roads and planting. It improves and enriches the relationship between the site's natural and man-made spaces, creates a stable secure ecological balance and adds valuable amenities for local residents.

1.2 从空中俯瞰衍秀公园/Bird's-eye view of yanxiu park

3 从空中俯瞰衍秀公园/Bird's-eye view of yanxiu park

4 总平面/Master plan

丁力扬：河滩是水陆生态系统的交汇处，易于创造生物多样性和景观丰富度高的场所。衍秀公园充分利用此优势，合理设计了堤岸结构以消除洪水对场地的安全影响。通过调整竖向形成丰富的地形变化，同时创造了多样化的人工和自然水体、安全而且吸引人的滨水平台，自然多彩的植物群落，变化多样的游憩场地，成为城市居民生活中的靓丽风景。

胡一可：景观的时间性。设计实现了调蓄水量的目标，让市民有机会面对河流的不同表情。结合河流驳岸和亲水设施，形成动态景观边界，使人们获得心理和情感上的满足。衍秀公园是具有时间属性的动态系统，其吸引力在于景观要素与人的互动。设计将动态景观与行为活动、心理情感和精神文化联系起来，创造出多样的体验，也带给观者一系列的感动瞬间。

Comments

DING Liyang： Regarding its particular location where water and land converge, the bench land is the generator that creates the species diversity and landscape features of the park. By wisely applying a number of strategies along the waterfront areas of the site, the designer tries to eliminate the threat of flood. The resulting design creates rich topographical conditions which in turn create diverse man-made and natural water bodies, an intriguing and safe waterfront platform, foster a colorful plant-community and open spaces. Together these features create a wonderful scene in the city.

HU Yike： A temporal landscape. Because the design regulates the water at the park, citizens have an opportunity to experience the many expressions of the river. Embankments and infrastructure created along the river form a dynamic landscape boundary, a setting that is psychologically and emotionally satisfying. Yanxiu Park is a landscape system with time attributes, its appeal lies in the interaction between landscape elements and people. Visitors engage the dynamic landscape through their behavior, activities, thoughts and emotions. The park offers the connected visitor the possibility of a diverse range of moving moments.