何为，张岳骁，李永红

摘要：采集江安河及府河淤泥样本，采用BTB培养基与N-（1-萘基）-乙二胺光度法筛选出20株具有反硝化能力的好氧菌株。选取其中5株反硝化能力较强的DM1、DM2、DM3、DM4和DM5菌株，进行NO3--N去除率测定，其48 h NO3--N去除率均达到了30%以上。其中DM1、DM2、DM3和DM5菌株氮去除率依次为43.9%、47.6%、47.9%和51.3%。对DM5菌株进行生长曲线测定，进行pH值和温度对反硝化速率影响测定，试验结果表明在pH 7.0～7.4，温度20～30 ℃时，DM5菌株反硝化效果较好。

关键词： 好氧；反硝化细菌；分离；反硝化效率

中图分类号：Q936 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2013）05-1053-04

Screening of Aerobic Denitrifying Bacteria

HE Wei，ZHANG Yue-xiao，LI Yong-hong

（College of Chemical Engineering， Sichuan University， Chengdu 610225， China）

Abstract： By using BTB medium and N-（1-naphthyl）-ethylenediamine photometry， twenty aerobic strains that were capable of denitrification were isolated from the silt samples of JIANG AN river and FU river. Being more capable， five individuals numbered as DM1， DM2， DM3， DM4 and DM5 of the above strains were selected to determine the nitrate removal rate. The results of determination of aerobic denitrifying activity showed that the nitrate removal rate of all the five strains was more than 30%. And the nitrate removal rate of DM1，DM2，DM3 and DM5 was 43.9%，47.6%，47.9% and 51.3% respectively. The determination of the DM5 growth curve as well as the influence of the pH value and temperature on denitrification rates showed that when the pH value range for DM5 was 7.0～7.4 and the temperature was between 20 ℃ and 30 ℃， the efficience of nitrogen removal was better.

Key words： aerobic； denitrifying bacteria； screening； nitrate removal rate

工业生产中未经处理的含氮废水的排放造成了我国河流、湖泊及海洋氮含量普遍增高，进一步导致湖泊富营养化、海洋赤潮等现象，极大地危害到水生物的生存繁衍以及人类自身的健康。此外，农用氮肥的使用加大了地下水硝酸盐污染程度，硝酸盐可在一定条件下转化为亚硝酸盐，而亚硝酸盐极易致癌，危害人们生命。我国地下水合格率仅为30%[1]，因此，探究高效经济的脱氮工艺迫在眉睫。

传统的物化脱氮法包括吹脱法[2]、MAP沉淀法、膜法、折点加氯法和离子交换法，主要用于高浓度含氮废水处理，而对于低浓度含氮废水而言其成本相对过高，而运用新型生物脱氮法进行低浓度废水处理则优势明显。现阶段生物脱氮法主要包括活性污泥法[3]、固定化生物脱氮[4]以及微生物制剂[5]等，其理论技术都趋于成熟，然而其前提条件是找到一种反硝化效率较强的菌株。

本研究以江安河和府河淤泥为基础，以硝酸……