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计入三维热效应对可倾瓦推力轴承动力特性的影响

2012-10-16何加猛王小静祁高安

上海大学学报(自然科学版) 2012年5期

何加猛, 王小静, 祁高安, 黄 敏

(上海大学机电工程与自动化学院,上海200072)

计入三维热效应对可倾瓦推力轴承动力特性的影响

何加猛, 王小静, 祁高安, 黄 敏

(上海大学机电工程与自动化学院,上海200072)

在考虑三维热效应的情况下,研究线支撑可倾瓦推力轴承的动力特性.建立广义雷诺方程、完整的三维能量方程、瓦体的热传导方程和温粘关系,联立求解非线性偏微分方程组,计算油膜的刚度和阻尼系数.研究表明:温度变化对可倾瓦推力轴承的动力特性有较大影响;与不计入热效应的线支撑可倾瓦推力轴承相比,计入三维热流体的可倾瓦推力轴承的油膜刚度和阻尼系数会增大,其理论计算结果更接近实际工况;随着载荷、入口温度的增加以及转速的减小,油膜的刚度和阻尼也会随之增大.

三维热流体;动力特性;可倾瓦;推力轴承

Abstract:The dynamic characteristics of the line-supported tilting pad thrust bearing are studied by taking thermal effects into account.The generalized Reynolds equation,the complete 3D energy equation,the heat conduction equation of the pad,and the temperature viscosity relation are established to derive the stiffness and damping coefficient of the oil film on the tilting pad.It is shown that the thermal effects have significant influence on the dynamic characteristics of tilting thrust pads.Compared to the linesupported tilting pad without including the thermal effect,stiffness and damping coefficient of the oil film including the thermal effect increases so that it becomes closer to the actual operating conditions.With the increase of load and inlet temperature and the decrease of angular velocity,stiffness and the damping coefficient of the oil film will increase.

Key words:3D thermal;dynamic characteristics;tilting pad;thrust bearing

可倾瓦推力轴承是依靠镜板与瓦块间的楔形油膜来承受轴向载荷的,随着载荷的变化,瓦块倾斜角度可以自动调节.可倾瓦推力轴承在运转过程中,润滑油由于受到挤压剪切作用而产生热量,从而产生不均匀的温度场.油膜温度的不均匀分布会影响可倾瓦推力轴承的压力分布以及动特性系数.

在推力轴承静特性方面,计入油膜和轴瓦的温度变化以及轴瓦变形的研究已有较多理论和实验报道[1-5];而在推力轴承动特性方面,已有的研究在求解可倾瓦推力轴承的动特性系数时,没有考虑油膜温……

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