薄壁铝合金压铸充型沿程的组织与力学性能
2012-09-29朱必武李落星王水平张立强
朱必武,李落星,刘 筱,王水平,张立强
(1. 湖南大学 汽车车身先进设计与制造国家重点实验室,长沙 410082;2. 湖南大学 机械与运载工程学院,长沙 410082)
薄壁铝合金压铸充型沿程的组织与力学性能
朱必武1,2,李落星1,2,刘 筱1,2,王水平1,2,张立强1,2
(1. 湖南大学 汽车车身先进设计与制造国家重点实验室,长沙 410082;2. 湖南大学 机械与运载工程学院,长沙 410082)
采用压铸制备薄壁AlSi10MnMg铝合金铸件,用金相技术、密度、拉伸性能等分析方法讨论浇注温度对薄壁铝合金压铸充型沿程的组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着浇注温度的升高,试样流动临界长度增加,气孔增多,α(Al)枝晶变细,抗拉强度和断后伸长率先增加后降低。随着充型沿程流动长度的增加,气孔先减少后增加,α(Al)枝晶变化不大。当浇注温度为650和680 ℃时,试样抗拉强度和断后伸长率沿充型流动长度的增加而减小;当浇注温度为710和740 ℃时,试样抗拉强度和断后伸长率沿充型流动长度的增加变化较小。
薄壁铝合金;压铸;组织;力学性能
Abstract:The thin-wall AlSi10MnMg aluminum alloy samples were prepared by high pressure die casting. The effects of pouring temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties along the fluidity length were discussed by metallographic techniques, density measurement and tensile tests. The results show that, with the pouring temperature increasing, the critical fluidity length and porosity increase, and α(Al) grain size decreases and the ultimate tensile strength and elongation to fracture increase firstly, and then decrease. With the increase of the fluidity length, the porosity decreases firstly and then increases, but the α(Al) grain size is insignificant. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation to fracture decrease along the fluidity length under pouring temperatures of 650 and 680 ℃. However, the difference of the ultimate tensile strength and elongation to fracture along the fluidity length under pouring temperatures of 710 and 740 ℃ is insignificant.
Key words:thin-wall aluminum alloy; high pressure die casting; microstructure; mechanical properties
薄壁铝合金铸件具有轻质、力学性能优良等特点,近年来,广泛应用于汽车车身与底盘等结构件[1]。这类零件尺寸大且精度要求高、壁厚薄且结构复杂,其流动充型能力成为此类零件成形的基本问题,因为合金熔体的流动充型能力直接关系到零件是否能完整成形,同时也影响铸件的组织力学性能[2−5]。压铸作为一种快速的近净成型工艺,具有生产效率高、尺寸精度高和力学性能优异等特点,特别适合于此类零件的生产[6]。……
