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浅谈海上桩基础桩底压浆施工工艺

2012-09-06侯利华彭芳健

城市建设理论研究 2012年22期

侯利华 彭芳健

摘要:本文主要针对海上大孔径桩基础桩底压浆施工工艺特点进行阐述和分析,结合杭州湾跨海大桥桩基础特点,入岩深度达200余米,所以桩基础设计为摩擦桩、由于桩基础深、大特点在钻孔和清孔过程中很容易造成孔底沉渣过厚现象,为提高桩基础承载能力,采用孔底压浆的方法进行加固,是非常有效的防治措施,本文主要结合在杭州湾跨海大桥工程实践中的经验和教训,介绍海上大孔径桩基础孔底压浆施工特点及具体实施措施。

关键词:海上;大孔径;孔底压浆;防护

Abstract: This paper aimed at the end of the sea aperture pile foundation pile grouting process characteristics are described and analyzed, combined with the Hangzhou Bay Bridge pile foundation characteristics, into the rock a depth of 200 meters, so the pile foundation design for friction piles, because pilesdeep foundation and the major feature is likely to result in the process of drilling and hole cleaning sediment thickness phenomenon in the bottom of the hole, the bottom of the hole grouting reinforcement to improve the pile foundation bearing capacity, is a very effective preventive measures, this paper combined in Hangzhouexperiences and lessons learned in the Bay Bridge engineering practice, the grouting characteristics of the base bottom of the hole large diameter pile at sea and specific implementation measures.

Keywords: sea; aperture; the bottom of the hole grouting; protection

中图分类号:TU755.2+ 文献标识码:A 文章编号:2095-2104(2012)

一、工程概况

杭州湾跨海大桥北航道桥和北侧高墩区引桥下构,共计152条钻孔灌注桩基础,设计均为摩擦桩群桩基础,其中主墩桩基础每墩为26根,桩径φ280cm,平均桩长125m;辅墩桩基础每墩14根,桩径φ250cm,桩长分别为85m 、90m;高墩区引桥桩基础每墩8根,桩径φ250cm,桩长90m。其中主墩桩底进入粉砂、细砂层深度平均为3.0m;辅墩进入中细砂层1.3m;高墩区引桥桩基进入粉砂层平均为5m。

二、地质条件

北航道桥工程区段基岩面标高为-180m~-190m。钻孔揭露均为第四系松散沉积物,地质复杂,桥位处海底地形平坦,覆盖层很厚,地层岩性分布比较均匀,受涨落潮水的影响,冲淤交互进行。岩性主要为亚砂土、淤泥质亚砂土、淤泥质粘土、粘土、亚砂土、粘性土、粉砂、细砂,钻孔桩周土极限摩阻力30~90kpa,各岩土层物理特性为饱和,软塑、局部软塑、硬塑或密实、厚度4.30~7.80m。

三、桩底压浆工艺流程

桩基成孔施工→安装钢筋笼(含声测管、压浆管)→二次清孔→灌注水下混凝土→压浆管底部孔口初裂→桩基检测→压浆准备→第一循环各回路压浆→回路冲洗→第二循环各回路压浆→回路冲洗→第三循环各回路压浆→压浆结束。……

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