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木构建筑的节点表现研究

2012-09-06潘艳

城市建设理论研究 2012年22期

潘艳

摘要:当代木构建筑技术的发展:一方面是材料技术的发展和产业化体系上的突破创新,这为木结构应用于大型公共建筑提供了技术支持,;另一方面是木结构与其它结构形式结合,形成复合结构,它突破了木结构因其自身诸多缺陷而在结构形式及造型表现上受到的限制,集合了其他结构的长处,具有广泛的适应性。而从结构的角度来看,节点的作用是体现力的平衡,这是在强度、刚度、稳定性三方面的综合考虑。木结构除了作为建筑的支撑体系外,外露的构造节点亦是是空间中材料形态美的合理构成,体现出结构构思、材料力学特性和精美的加工工艺的综合表现力,展现建筑空间艺术的整体感染力。因此,本文对木构建筑的节点表现进行了研究。

关键词:木构建筑 节点 表现

Abstract: The development of contemporary wood construction techniques: one is the development of materials technology and breakthrough innovation in the industrial system, provide technical support for a wooden structure used in large public buildings; the other hand is a wooden structure with other structuresthe form of combination to form a composite structure, it broke through the wooden structure because of its many defects in the structure and shape of the performance by the restrictions, a collection of the strengths of the other structures, with a wide range of adaptability. From the structural point of view, the role of the node is to reflect the balance of forces, this is the strength, stiffness, stability considerations. The wooden structure as the building's support system, the exposed tectonic node yes space, materials, shape beauty reasonable constitute, shows the structure idea, Mechanical characteristics of the fine processing technology integrated performance of force, to show building space art of the overall infection force. Therefore, this node performance of wood construction.

中图分类号:TU973+.257文献标识码:A文章编码:

1.传统木构构件结合方式

1.1累叠结合一一井干

井干的搭接方式在构造上的主要方法是将实木平行向上层层垒置,在木材两端开凹桦,在转角处木料端部交叉咬合,通过原木纵横交错的嵌叠形成房屋四壁。井干结构历史悠久,广泛分布于森林丰富的地区。这种构造方式虽然有木材耗用量大、绝对尺度和开窗上受限等技术缺陷,然而因其搭接方式直率粗犷,给人自然野趣的感觉,在一些地区仍然受到人们的欢迎。

1.2交错结合一一编织

细小的木料极富有韧性,基于这一点,人们将细小的木料互相交错编织在一起,并形成有一定强度的较大的结构体。……

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