余涛 余彬

摘要：第二次地理大发现首次从信息维对地球进行全方位探索，这也将是一个以保证人类社会可持续发展为最终目标、对地球进行数字化重构的过程。该文在论述其主要成因的基础上，分析其三大特征：一是利用空间平台进行数字式全球探索，二是利用信息技术对地球进行数字化重构，三是对全球信息和知识资源的优化配置。最后对其未来影响进行了预测，主要包括：争夺“制信息权”成为全球战略新的制高点，基于“信息霸权”建立国际政治新秩序，改变人类对地球空间的认识，促进科学技术全面进步，以及改变世界人口智力的空间分布。

关键词：第二次地理大发现；地球数字化重构；制信息权；全球信息势能图；国际政治新秩序

中图分类号：D81文献标识码：A文章编号：1009-3044(2012)22-5496-05

The 2nd Great Geographical Discovery with Analysis of its Features and Impacts Prediction

YU Tao1, YU Bin2

(1.Kingli Numerical Control Technology Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200233, China; 2.College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310035, China)

Abstract: For the first time, the 2nd Great Geographical Discovery is exploring the Earth in omni-direction from the information dimension; it will also be a process of ensuring the sustainable development of human society as the ultimate goal, meanwhile digitally reconstructing the earth. Based on the discussion of the main causes, this paper analyzed three major characteristics: no.1 is the use of space platforms for digital global exploration, no.2 is the use of information technology for digitally reconstructing the earth, and no.3 is the optimized reallocation of global information and knowledge resources. Finally the future impacts were predicted, mainly including: to fight for the "Information Dominance" becomes the new commanding point in global strategy, to establish a new international political order based on the"Information Hegemony", to change human beingscognition about the earth space, to promote science and technology an all-round progress, and to change the world population intelligence spatial distribution.

Key words: The 2nd Great Geographical Discovery; Digital Reconstruction of the Earth; information dominance; information potential energy; new international political order

第一次地理大发现在客观上酝酿、促进和引发了18、19世纪的两次科技革命，使资本主义具备了在全球范围进行掠夺式积累和发展的能力，工业社会长期对地球资源的非可持续性甚至破坏性开发和利用，使地球受到了严重伤害，人类终于逐渐意识到地球也需要保护，否则自己的生存空间将越来越狭小、生存环境将越来越恶劣……在此背景下，国际社会开始了对地球的再认识过程，这是一个全人类参与的过程，以保证人类社会可持续发展为最终目标，对地球首次进行全方位的数字化重构，虽然这个过程刚刚开始，但是就其特征和影响而言，堪称人类的第二次地理大发现。