浅海沉积物分类方法研讨

2011-09-25刘志杰殷汝广

海洋通报 2011年2期

关键词：分类

刘志杰，殷汝广

（1.中国海洋大学，山东青岛266003；2.国家海洋信息中心，天津 300171）

浅海沉积物分类方法研讨

刘志杰1,2，殷汝广2

（1.中国海洋大学，山东青岛266003；2.国家海洋信息中心，天津 300171）

浅海沉积物分类方法已比较成熟，国内外目前普遍采用的是谢帕德分类和福克分类两种方案。然而，通过对大量调查数据分析发现，国内浅海沉积物分类定名方法和方式并不完全一致。结合前人的研究，文章对两种分类方案进行了评述，深入探讨了目前沉积物定名不统一的原因主要是由于分类方案引用不完整，缺少对含砾沉积物的分类以及分类手段多样，缺乏规范的沉积物分类软件。在深入研究的基础上，提出建议的浅海沉积物分类修订方案将含砾沉积物纳入分类体系，以福克（1970）和 Schlee（1973）修订后的谢帕德分类为主，并对砂和粉砂进行了细分。考虑到福克分类的优越性，建议将福克分类作为沉积物分类的主要分类方案。为实现沉积物定名的规范化，建议在修订后的分类基础上，设计、开发标准的沉积物分类软件。通过对浅海沉积物分类体系深入研究，建立更加符合浅海沉积物分布规律的分类体系。

浅海沉积物；谢帕德分类；福克分类；沉积物命名

Abstract: The shallow sea sediment classification scheme has been developed.At present, Both Shepard’s classification and Folk’s classification are adopted overseas and at home.However, it is resulted from checking and comparing with the abundant data that sediment classification results are separately different from different institutions.Based on the formers’ researches, two sediment classification schemes have been introduced.The major problems of the shallow sea sediment classification have been discussed.On the one hand, without gravelly sediment classification, the cited sediment classification scheme is not intact; on the other hand, the means of sediment classification are various without standard sediment classification software.By deep research, both Folk’s classification and Shepard’s classification modified by Schlee(1973) are advised to be adopted in the future specifications for oceanographic survey.Taking account of advantages of the Folk’s classification, it is recommended to be the major classification.At the same time, the sediment types of both sand and silt are separately subdivided according to the dominant grain-size grades.The standardization of sediment classification and nomenclature will be realized, by designing and developing the standard sediment classification software.On the ground of the existing classification schemes, marine geologists should make deep researches and build a new desirable sediment classification scheme which measure up to the sediment distribution better.

Keywords: shallow sea sediment; Shepard’s classification; Folk’s classification; sediment nomenclature