苏彩丽,余泳昌,任天宝,张莎莎,田 园 (河南农业大学机电工程学院,农业部可再生能源重点开放实验室,河南 郑州 450002)

SBR系统中好氧颗粒污泥的培养及脱氮除硫研究

苏彩丽,余泳昌*,任天宝,张莎莎,田 园 (河南农业大学机电工程学院,农业部可再生能源重点开放实验室,河南 郑州 450002)

采用SBR反应器进行了好氧颗粒污泥的培养和脱氮除硫研究.结果表明,以厌氧颗粒污泥为种泥,通过控制运行条件,在30d内可培养出好氧颗粒污泥.好氧颗粒污泥粒径以1~2mm为主, SVI为30~40mL/g,微生物组成以短杆菌为主,外部包裹大量丝状菌.当COD和NH4+-N负荷分别保持在1.65kg/(m3·d)和0.17kg/(m3·d),硫化物负荷从0.15kg/(m3·d)逐步提高到0.90kg/(m3·d)时,好氧颗粒污泥对硫化物、COD和NH4+-N的去除率分别>99%、>80%和>98%.在高硫化物浓度下,反应器仍然表现出良好的脱氮效果,可能是由好氧颗粒污泥的层状结构和硫化物能先于NH4+-N快速氧化的特点决定的.

序批式反应器；好氧颗粒污泥；脱氮除硫

Abstract：Cultivation and characters of the aerobic granules for ammonium and sulfide removal in a sequencing batch reactor were studied. The aerobic granules were cultivated using anaerobic granular sludge as seed sludge under controlled operational conditions in 30 days. The diameter of most of the aerobic granules was about 1~2mm and the SVI was 30~40mL/g. The granule was dominated by brevibacterium, and wrapped by a large number of filamentous bacteria. When the COD and NH4+-N loading were 1.65, 0.17 kg/(m3·d), and the S2-loading increased from 0.15 to 0.9 kg/(m3·d), the removal efficiencies of S2-, COD and NH4+-N were >99%, >80% and >98%, respectively. The reactor showed high removal capacity of NH4+-N under the high S2-concentration, which was possible due to the layered structure of aerobic granules or the characteristics that sulfide could be fast oxidized prior to the ammonium.

Key words：sequencing batch reactor(SBR)；aerobic granules；ammonium and sulfide removal

玉米、大豆、小麦、薯类等农产品加工过程所产生的废水中不仅有机物浓度高,而且还含有高浓度硫酸盐和NH4+-N.为解决该类废水污染问题,不少学者对高硫酸盐废水的厌氧处理工艺和设备进行了研究[1-4].但在厌氧处理过程中,硫酸盐会转化成有毒且对设备腐蚀性强的硫化物,NH4+-N也不能有效去除,需经过进一步处理才能有效解决农产品加工废水污染问题.目前采用的传统好氧生物处理工艺[5-6],存在着处理效率低、投资大等缺点.如何实现经济高效的脱氮除硫成为近几年国内外学者研究……