王道平,陈辉华,何 敏

摘 要:为了稳定“动中通”接收天线的极化轴,克服波束滚动引起的交叉极化干扰,从而提高“动中通”通信质量。以波束实时对准为依据,分析极化匹配的原理,研究“动中通”中交叉极化干扰的产生途径。利用坐标旋转变换导出极化角的计算公式,讨论极化跟踪的必要性,建立极化跟踪的模型。采用电子变极化技术设计了适用于平板天线的“全电子”新型极化跟踪网络,阐述该网络的工作原理,为“动中通”的极化跟踪提供了新的途径。

关键词:动中通;极化匹配;交叉极化干扰;极化跟踪

中图分类号:TN927+.23文献标识码:A

文章编号:1004-373X(2009)12-103-03

Research on Polarization Matching and Polarization Tracking about Satcom on

Move Received Antenna System

WANG Daoping,CHEN Huihua,HE Min

(The Second Artillery Engineering Institute,Xi′an,710025,China)

Abstract:To stabilize polar axis and overcome cross-polar interference,the theory for matching polarization is analyzed based on how to aim at the antenna wave beam in time.The way which the cross polarization interference results from is also investigated and the formula used to calculate polar angle is deduced from the coordinate revolving.The necessity to track polarization is argued.A model to track polarization axis is founded.A new polarization tracking network which is controlled electrically and specially applied on the panel antenna is designed based on the electronic polarization-agile technology.The theory how the network works is also expounded.A new method to track polarization axis is achieved through the thesis.The works achieved in this thesis is proposed to enhance the quality of Satcom on the move.

Keywords:satcom on the move;polarization matching;cross-polarization interference;polarization tracking

0 引 言

移动中的卫星通信——“动中通”(Satcom on the Move)利用卫星作为中继,可以在移动载体(运动中的车、船等)双方实现实时、大容量、不间断地传递多媒体信息,因而成为通信业最具前景的发展方向之一。“动中通”的关键技术在于如何实现安装在移动载体上的天线对卫星波束的实时跟踪,从而实现双方的稳定通信。

天线对卫星的波束跟踪包括波束指向跟踪与极化跟踪。波束指向跟踪保证载体在移动中天线波束的轴线与卫星波束轴线的实时对准。极化跟踪保证天线的极化与卫星的极化实时匹配。目前国内的“动中通”大多只对波束指向的跟踪进行研究。理论与实践均证明如果天线的极化与卫星的极化不匹配会对通信质量产生严重的影响,甚至造成通信的暂时中断[1]。因此有必要对极化的匹配及跟踪进行研究。……