王舒宜　陈汉勇　李　刚　廖琪梅　卢虹冰

摘 要:在医学软件的开发过程中,实现三维重建技术的优劣是系统设计的难点和重点。在探讨面绘制与体绘制技术的基础上,使用OpenGL及VTK工具包完成可视化具体操作,并对其结果进行简要分析。利用患者髋关节CT数据,实施了基于OpenGL的Marching Cube算法、三维纹理映射算法,以及基于VTK的Marching Cube、Ray Casting算法,并对实现过程及实现效果进行了对比分析。基于OpenGL与基于VTK的面绘制技术及体绘制技术均能较好呈现患者髋关节的三维解剖结构信息。其中,面绘制可有效地绘制出三维体的表面,但缺乏内部信息的表达;体绘制真实感较好,但渲染速度较慢,不适合用于实时系统的表达。VTK可视化方法实现简单,适用于快速显示数据空间信息,但其三维交互功能不足;OpenGL属于底层API,可灵活完成各项交互操作及渲染任务,但其编码较为复杂。

关键词:面绘制;体绘制;VTK;OpenGL;DICOM

中图分类号:TP319文献标识码:B

文章编号:1004-373X(2009)10-091-03

Application of Three-dimensional Visualization Technology in Medicine

WANG Shuyi,CHEN Hanyong,LI Gang,LIAO Qimei,LU Hongbing

(Fourth Military Medical University,Xi′an,710032,China)

Abstract:AIM three-dimensional reconstruction is the difficulties and focus in development of the medical application software.In this paper,OpenGL and Visualization Tool Kit are used to achieve the specific visualization based on the technology of surface rendering and volume rendering.To contrast the result,some CT data of developmental dysplasia of the Hip patients are reconstructed by using Marching Cube algorithm based on OpenGL and Marching Cube,Ray Casting algorithm which are based on VTK.Marching cube algorithm and Ray casting algorithm based on OpenGL and VTK can both better display the three-dimensional anatomical structure information of patient.Surface can provide effectively render surface of a three-dimensional,but the lack expression of internal information.Instead,volume rendering can greatly improve quality of image,but does not apply to the expression of real-time system.VTK visualization methods can implement simply and rapid display 3D data,it is lack of three-dimensional interactive features.Contrarily,OpenGL which is the underlying API can accomplish flexible interaction,but its code is more complex.

Keywords:surface rendering;volume rendering;VTK;OpenGL;DICOM

0 引言

近年来,随着计算机断层(CT)、磁共振(MRI)、B超等设备的研制成功,使得传统的医学诊断方式发生了革命性变化。使用计算机对医学影像设备采集到的数据进行处理(医学影像处理与分析),为临床医学的诊疗和医学科学的研究,提供了清晰的人体结构图像和详尽的病理信息,使得疾病的检查与诊断发生了革命性的变革。目前,我国已从国外进口了大批医疗设备,并在临床上广泛应用,但由于国内缺乏配套的开发队伍,一般使用的是国外公司随机器附带的软件。……