1.【课文原句】She was born in 1973. 她生于1973年。

【思路点拨】be born意思是“出生”，是被动语态，born是由bear变来的。当主语是动作的执行者时，谓语动词用主动语态，当主语是动作的承受者时，谓语动词要用另一种形式，我们称它为被动语态。被动语态由“be+动词的过去分词”构成，时态通过be的变化表现出来。它的一般现在时是：am/is/are+过去分词；它的一般过去时是：was/were+过去分词：它的一般将来时是：will/shall be +过去分词；它的现在完成时是：have been+过去分词；它的过去完成时是：had been+过去分词。例如：

My desk is made of wood.我的写字台是用木头做的。(一般现在时)

——Where was your sister born? 你妹妹是在哪儿出生的？

——She was born in Beijing. 她是在北京出生的。 (一般过去时)

It will be discussed next week.这事我们下周讨论。(一般将来时)

We havent been told about it.没人通知我们这件事。(现在完成时)

When I got to the store, the red sweaters had been sold out.

当我赶到商店时，红毛衣已经卖光了。(过去完成时)

【典题例证】The children ____ to swim last month and they can swim very well now.（2006年，河北）

A. are taught B. were taught C. have taught D. taught

【答案简析】答案B。根据句意用被动语态，从时间状语last month可知，要用一般过去时。

2.【课文原句】When did he stop hiccupping? 他什么时候停止打嗝的？

【思路点拨】stop doing sth.是“停止干某事”的意思，指这一动作不能再继续下去；stop to do sth.是“停下来干某事”的意思，指停止前一个动作而开始后一个动作。例如：

Stop talking, boys and girls. Listen to me, please.

别说话了，同学们。请听我说。

You are tired. Lets stop to have a rest.

你累了，咱们停下来休息一会儿吧。

【典题例证】She ought to stop ____； she had a headache because she ____ too long. (2006年，兰州)

A. to work, was reading B. to work, has read

C. working, has read D. working, read

【答案简析】答案C。根据句意，第一个空是“停止做某事”，排除A、B；第二个空强调影响，用完成时态。

3.【课文原句】You are never too young to start doing things. 开始做事永远别嫌年龄太小。

【思路点拨】too…to是一个表示否定意义的短语，意思是“太……以致不能……，太……没有……”，它可以用not…enough to短语改写，或用so…that改写为结果状语从句。例如：

The book is too difficult for me to read.=The book is not easy enough for me to read.=The book is so difficult that I cant read it.

这本书太难了，我看不懂。

He is too young to do the job.=He is not old enough to do the job.=He is so young that he cant do the job.

他太小了，不能做这份工作。