彭宏利

定语从句是初中阶段一个重要语法知识点，近年来考查定语从句的试题频繁在中考中出现。下面结合近年全国各地中考试题对定语从句的考查热点作一梳理，希望对同学们有所帮助。

一、考查Who引导的定语从句

We should give love to the children ______ lost their parents in the earthquake(地震). (2008陕西省)

A. who B. whom C. those D. which

【点拨】 定语从句如果修饰人，常常用关系代词who,有时也用that，作主语时多用who。选A。句意为：我们应该给那些在地震中失去父母的孩子们一些关爱。C项不引导定语从句；先行词为人，排除D项；B项不能作主语。故选A项。

二、考查whom引导的定语从句

1. The young lady ______ we met yesterday is our new math teacher. (2005天津市)

A. what B. whose C. whom D. which

2. Your parents are the persons ______ you should write. (2005四川绵阳市)

A. that B. whom C. who D. to whom

【点拨】 当先行词是表示人的名词(组) 或代词，引导词在从句中充当宾语时, 引导词用whom 或that (口语中也可用who)。

1. 选C。2. 选D。先行词the persons表示人，关系代词应用that, who或whom, 但who的前面不能有介词，如果带介词，则必须用whom, 即用“介词+whom”结构。故选D项。

三、考查which引导的定语从句

The book ______ was written by Yu Dan sells well. (2008宁夏)

A. who B. which C. how D. what

【点拨】 当先行词是表示物的名词(组) 或代词，引导词在从句中充当主语或宾语时, 引导词用which或that。选B。句意为：于丹写的书很畅销。此句先行词the book是物，引导词要用which或that。故选B。

四、考查that引导的定语从句

I like the music ______ I can sing along with. (2008吉林长春市)

A. what B. that C. who D. why

【点拨】 选B。先行词为the music, 所填的引导词在定语从句中作宾语，应选关系代词that。

五、查when,where,why等引导的定语从句

1. I will never forget the day ______ I met her. (2006江苏省)

A. that B. which C. when D. who

2. —The duty of Project Hope is to help poor children, isnt it?

—Yes, it has built many schools ______ those children can study happily. (2008黑龙江哈尔滨市)

A. where B. when C. which

3. I know the reason ______ she didnt come yesterday. (2006宁波市)

A. which B. that C. why D. where

【点拨】 1. 选C。先行词the day是一个表示时间的名词，引导词在从句中作状语，故选C。

2. 选A。此句考查定语从句，先行词是地点名词schools, 故用where。

3. 选C。先行词the reason表示原因，故选C。

六、考查whose引导的定语从句

We all like the teachers ______ class is interesting and creative (有创造性的). (2008甘肃省兰州市)

A. which B. whose C. who D. that

【点拨】 选B。该句意为：我们都喜欢那些上课有趣且有创造性的老师。通过对题干和句意的分析可知，引导词在从句中作定语，故只能用whose。