APP下载

“it”用法知多少

2008-10-08欧阳锡龙

中学教学参考·语英版 2008年7期
关键词:动名词指代考试题

欧阳锡龙

it 在初中课本中频繁出现,在中考试题里也常常能看到其踪影。虽然说表面上这只是一个简单的小词,可用起来就不是那么简单了。笔者以近几年全国部分省市的中考试题为例,对it的一些基本用法作一归纳, 供大家学习备用。

一、指代人或物

1.—Who is knocking at the door?谁在敲门?

—Its me, David. 是我, 大卫。

2.What a handsome baby. Whose is it? 多帅的孩子,是谁家的?

3.—Have you seen my cup?你看见过我的茶杯吗?

—Yes. It was on the cupboard.我看见了。它刚才在壁橱上。

【试题精选】

1. —Who is singing in the classroom?

—_________ must be Susan.(天津市)

A. She B. It C. This D. He

2.Jack caught a big fish this afternoon. Now he is cooking_________for dinner.(河南省)

A. oneB.itC.this D.that

3. I cant find the pen I was given. Have you seen_________?(江苏省徐州市)

A. it B. one C. thisD. that

4.—A latest China daily, please!

—Only one copy left. Would you like to have_________ ,sir?(山东省滨州市)

A. it B.one C.this D.that

(keys:B B A A)

二、指时间、气候、环境或距离、体积、重量等。

1.—What time is it? 多少点了?

—Its eight ten. 8点10分了。

2.—What day is it today? 今天星期几?

—Its Wednesday. 今天星期三。

3.It often rains in summer in Zhejiang. 浙江夏天经常下雨。

4.It is about five miles from my home to the school. 从我家到学校大约5英里远。

5.It is ten Yuan in price. 价钱为10元。

6.Its eight kilograms in weight.重量为8千克。

【试题精选】

1. It_________ ten years since we last_________in Beijing.(河北省)

A. was; met_________ B. has been; met

C. was; meet_________D. is; meet

2. It_________ ten years since they_________ to France.(河北省)

A. was; moved_________ B.was; have moved

C.is; havs movedD.is; moved

(keys:B D)

三、指代一件事情。如:It was hard work to get in crops,but they really enjoyed it.在这句话中,后面的it 就是指代“收庄稼”这件事。又如:—Jim can solve that puzzle.—I dont believeit.其中的“it”就是指代“吉姆能解答那个谜题”这一点。

【试题精选】

1.Teds mother kept telling Ted not to tell lies,but_________didnt help.(浙江省杭州市)

A. whichB. itC. heD. she

分析:此题中就只能选择it这个词来指代“Ted的妈妈叫他不要撒谎”这件事,只不过这对Ted不起作用,他还是喜欢撒谎。

(key:B)

四、it作形式主语或者形式宾语,真正的主语和宾语为不定式“to+动词原形”,还有一种情况是动名词短语作整个以it引导的句子的真正主语。

1.It is easy to find fault with others.挑别人毛病是容易的。

2.It is wrong for you to speak ill of her.你讲她的坏话是不对的。

在这两句话中,后面的不定式短语就是句子的真正主语,it 作形式上的主语只是保持句子结构平衡的需要。

注意: 在It +be动词+形容词+for of+ sb+ to do...结构中,如果形容词是kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, brave, considerate(考虑周到的),silly, selfish(自私的)等表示人的品质的词时,那么句中的介词就必须用of。

3.I consider it wrong to cheat in an examination. 我认为考试作弊是不对的。

4.She found it very difficult to answer the question. 她觉得很难回答这个问题。

这两句话包含复合宾语,it 是形式上的宾语,真正的宾语是动词不定式。

动名词作主语的句子比较少,主要在以no use, useless, dangerous, a waste of..., worthwhile等词作表语的句子中用。如:

It is no use learning without thinking. 学而不思则惘。

Itsuseless talking to him about it.跟他说这个是没有用的。

Its dangerous playing with fire. 玩火是很危险的。

It is a waste of timetalking to him.和他讲是浪费时间。

Is it worthwhile making such an experiment? 做这样的实验有意义吗?

【试题精选】

1.Did you find_________ very interesting to play Yo?鄄Yo?(甘肃省兰州市)

A. thisB. itsC. thatD.it

2.People everywhere celebrate the New Year._____is a time to say goodbye to the past and to think about new beginnings.(山东省潍坊市)

A.ThatB.ItC.ThisD.Such

3.We find_________ impossible to get there before 8 oclock.(甘肃省)

A. herB.itC. thisD. that

4._________ is wrong to copy other students homework.(青海省西宁市)

A. ThisB. That C. It D. This

5.Class 2 will go for a picnic. They made_________6 oclock to meet at the foot of Mt.Tai.(山东省淄博市)

A. it B. that C. them D. /

(keys: D B B C A)

猜你喜欢

动名词指代考试题
对一道高考试题的拓展探究
A Great Artist in My Family
The Ways of Leading a Healthy Life
“初高中物理衔接知识”融入中考试题的评析与启示
一道高考试题的四次拓展
爱国婊
初中英语动名词的用法
英语中“动词+ing”的语法功能
神奇的V-ing
“指代”难点剖析