俞江涛

本文从定语从句的高考的考点、难点; 定语从句的高考命题特点; 高考定语从句的应对策略三个方面来揭开定语从句这一令无数同学望而生畏的语法现象的神秘面纱,希望能给同学们的英语苦学路上撑起一盏明灯,助你们扬帆远航!

一、定语从句高考考点、热点直击

(一)引导定语从句的关联词

1.当先行词指人时，在定语从句中作主语用 who／that，作宾语用whom／that，作定语用whose。例如：

①The famous basketball star, ____ tried to make a comeback， attracted a lot of attention． (2002北京、内蒙古、安徽春招)

A． where B． when C． which D． who(D)

2.当先行词指事物时，在定语从句中作主语或宾语用which／that，作定语用whose。例如：

②She heard a terrible noise, ____ brought her heart into her mouth．(MET1991)

A． it B． which C． this D． that (B)

③Have you seen the film Titanic ____ leading actor is world famous？(2001上海春招)

A． its B． its C． whose D． which(C)

3.当先行词指时间时，在定语从句中作状语用when，作主语或宾语用which／that。例如：

④We are living in an age ____ many things are done on computer．(2003北京春招)

A． which B． that C． whose D． when (D)

4.当先行词指地点时，在定语从句中作状语用where，作主语或宾语用which／that。例如：

⑤We will be shown around the city： schools， museums， and some other places， ____ other visitors seldom go.(2002北京高考)

A. what B. which C. where D. when(C)

⑥New York， ____ last year， is a nice old city.(2003北京高考)

A． that I visited B． which I visited

C． where I visited D． in which I visited(B)

5.当先行词指原因时，在定语从句中作状语常用why，作主语或宾语常用which／that。例如：

⑦Is this the reason ____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？(2002上海春招)

A． he explained B． what he explained

C． how he explained D． why he explained (A)

注意事项：

1.关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，但引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词在从句中作宾语时不能省略；当第一个定语从句的关系代词用作宾语省略时，第二个引导定语从句的用作宾语的关系代词则不可省略。例如：

⑧The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month．(MET1983)

A． the nurse is talking to him B． whom the nurse is talking

C． the nurse is talking to D． who the nurse is talking (C)

2.that与which的区别：

that不能引导非限制性定语从句，也不能紧跟在介词之后作介词宾语，而which可以；先行词是that时，为了避免重复，用which而不用that引导定语从句；第一个定语从句如用关系代词that，第二个定语从句常用关系代词which，以避免重复。 先行词是which时，为了避免重复，用that引导；当先行词既有指人的名词又有指物的名词时，用that引导；……