王希萍

在英语中有很多介词和介词短语都可表示“原因”，现对其用法总结如下：

一、单纯介词。

1.at常表示某种表情的起因，通常和表示听，看或喜，怒，吃惊等的过去分词或形容词连用。

I was frightened at the terrible sight.

看到这可怕的情景，我害怕了。

You dont look very surprised at the good news.

听到好消息，你好像并不奇怪。

2.with多用于表示情绪的形容词或身体动作或状态的形容词之后，表示某种心理或心理状况的原因。

His face went red with anger. 他的脸因生气变红了。

The boy jumped with joy. 男孩高兴得跳起来。

3.over常用于带有感情色彩的动词。如：cry, weep, laugh, mourn, sigh等之后，叙述所发生事情的原因。

All of us mourned over his death. 我们大家哀悼他的去世。

The couple quarreled over the price of a load of hay.

夫妻俩个因为一担干草的价格争吵。

4.from常接抽象名词表示自然或间接原因。

He suffered from a bad cold. 他患重伤风。

She felt sick from tiredness. 她累得浑身不对劲。

5.of多用于表示自身的原因，如死因，病因等,也经常用于某些形容词后，后接与感情相关的人或事。

His father died of cancer. 他父亲死于癌症。

He is proud of being a Chinese. 他为自己是一个中国人而自豪。

6.for多与表示感情的抽象名词或动词及reason, famous等词连用。

If it were not for the leadership of the Communist Party, our happy life today would be simply impossible.

要不是共产党的领导，根本不可能有我们今天的幸福生活。

The West Lake is well-known for its scenery.

西湖以它的风景闻名。

7.through多指消极原因。

This is a mistake made through carelessness.

这是一个由于粗心大意而犯的错误。

The accident happened through no fault of mine.

发生事故并不是我的过错。

二、介词短语。

1.because of表示引起结果的直接原因，意义同because, 多作状语。

The football match was cancelled because of rain.

由于下雨，足球赛被取消了。

He retired last week because of illness.

他由于生病，上星期退休了。

2.thanks to表示引起某种幸运结果的原因，意为“多亏了、幸亏……”。

Thanks to your help, we finished the work ahead of time.

多亏了你的帮助，我们提前完成了工作。

Thanks to the timely rain, the farmers had a good harvest.

多亏了及时雨，农民们有了好收成。

3.owning to相当于because of,多表示某种不良后果的原因。

Owing to our joint efforts, the task was finished.

由于我们的共同努力，任务被完成了。

4．due to相当于because of，可作表语或状语。

My illness was due to bad food. 我的病是吃坏的。

The flight was cancelled due to the fog. 班机因雾停航。

5.out of表示动机的起因，常译为“由于”。

He did it out of concern for everyone.

他这样做是出于对大家的关心。

练习：用适当的介词或介词短语填空。

1. The boy began to cry ____ the bad news.

2. He trembled ____ cold.

3. They had an argument ____ money.

4. Many people suffered ____ hunger.

5. I am ashamed ____ myself for being so stupid.

6. He got an award ____ bravery.

7. You can only achieve success ____ hard work.

8. He walked slowly ____ his bad leg.

9. Everyone knows about it, ____ you.

10. He asked the question ____ curiosity.

11. His failure was ____ carelessness.

答案：1.at 2.with 3.over 4.from 5.of6.for 7.through8.because of/owing to/due to 9.thanks to 10.out of 11.due to