胡金莹

名词性从句是高中语法的一项重要内容，也是高考热点之一。本文通过正误对比的方式对名词性从句的易错点进行分析，希望对同学们有所帮助。

1.[误] Bill was chosen as a representative to attend the meeting made him excited.

[正]That Bill was chosen as a represen-tative to attend the meeting made him excited.

[解析] that引导名词性从句时，不作任何成分，没有任何实际意义，只起连接词的作用，但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不能省略。

2. [误] The problem is if we can receive enough support from the local government.

[正] The problem is whether we can receive enough support from the local government.

[解析] if和whether引导宾语从句时，绝大多数情况都可以互换，但是在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，只能用whether，不能用if。

3. [误] I wonder how he is getting along well with his new novel.

[正] I wonder how he is getting along with his new novel.

[正] I wonder if/ whether he is getting along well with his new novel.

[解析] get on/ along well with意为“进展得顺利”。如果用how来引导宾语从句，则去掉well，否则意思重复，既然well就不必再问how了。如果要保留well，则必须用if或者whether来引导宾语从句。此句句意为：我想知道他的新小说进展得如何。

4. [误] All the books are here. You may choose whatever you like.

[正] All the books are here. You may choose whichever you like.

[解析] whatever意为“无论什么”，相当于anything that，通常用在没有限定范围的情况下；而whichever意为“无论哪一个”，相当于“any + 名词（限定性的名词） + that”，通常用在有限定范围的情况下。此句相当于All the books are here. You may choose any book（而不是anything）that you like。

5. [误] It is known to us all is that

America is made up of fifty states.

[正] What is known to us all is that America is made up of fifty states.

[正] It is known to us all that America is made up of fifty states.

[解析] 如果把it改为what，此句中whaｔ

引导的从句则为主语从句，is后的that引导的从句为表语从句；如果去掉is，it在从句中充当形式主语，that引导的为真正的主语从句。

6. [误] I made a suggestion at the meet-ing that the problem must be solved at once.

[正] I made a suggestion at the meeting that the problem should be solved at once.

[解析] 表示“建议、命令、请求”的名词如果有同位语从句修饰，从句通常用虚拟语气，从句中的动词形式用should + 动词原形或省略should。

7. [误] I really know nothing about if the book written by Mr. White has come out.

[正] I really know nothing about whether the book written by Mr. White has come out.

[解析] if和whether引导动词宾语从句时，通常可以互换，但在介词后的宾语从句中，只能用whether，不能用if。

8. [误] These beautiful pictures will show you what does our campus look like.

[正] These beautiful pictures will show you what our campus looks like.

[解析] 在宾语从句中，通常用陈述语序，不用疑问语序。

9. [误] There is no doubt whether he will succeed in doing the experiment.

[正] There is no doubt that he will succe-ed in doing the experiment.

[解析] 此句为同位语从句，doubt意为“怀疑，疑惑”，一般来说，如果doubt是肯定形式，一般要用if或whether来引导从句，如果doubt是否定形式，一般要用that来引导从句。……