简单句中考考点解析
2004-04-08耿志华
耿志华
“简单句不简单”,它是一切句子的基础,因而成为中考命题的热点。在中考题中,对简单句的考查千变万化,现笔者将其各种考查形式归纳如下,便于同学们全面掌握。
1.以感叹句形式考查简单句。
①______book she gave meil like it very much.
A.How interesting
B.How an interesting
C.What interesting
D.What an interesting
②______terrible the weather is!
A.What
B.What a
C.How
D.How a
[分析]两题均为感叹句,也是简单句。感叹句的构成为:What+a/an+adj.+n.(单数、可数)+主语+谓语!What+adj.+n.(复数或不可数)+主语+谓语!How+adj./adv.+主语+主谓!因此正确答案分别为D、C。
2.以否定句形式考查简单句。
I____from my brother for a long time.
A.not have heard
B.have not heard
C.have heard not
D.do not hear
[分析]否定句中,否定词应放在助动词之后,实义动词之前。B是正确答案。D时态不对。
3.以疑问句形式考查简单句。
—How ____can you finish the drawing?
—In about two hours.
A.long
B.often
C.soon
D.far
[分析]题干是对时间状语的提问,根据四个选项的用法和答语“in+一段时间”知C项正确。
4.以被动形式考查简单句。
①Visitors____not to touch the exhibits.
A.will ask
B.ask
C.are asking
D.are asked
②Paul doesnt have to be made____.He always works hard.
A.learn
B.to learn
C.learned
D.learning
[分析]前者ask是及物动词,它与visitor应是被动关系;后者make sb. do sth.结构主动不带to,变为被动语态时应将不定式符号to补上,故正确答案为D、B。
5.以倒装句形式考查简单句。
I have been to the Great Wall and_____.
A.so has Jane
B.Jane has so
C.Neither has Jane
D.Jane has enither
[分析]“so+助动词(系动词或情态动词)+主语”表示后一分句的主语与前一分句有相似的情况,意为“……也一样”,只能用于肯定句,否定句用“neither/nor+助动词(系动词或情态动词)+主语”。故A项正确。
6.考查简单句的并列成分。
①—Youve left the light on.
—Oh,so I have._____and turn it off.
A.Ill go
B.Ive gone
C.I go
D.Im going
②On Saturday afternoon,Mrs Green went to the market,____some bananas and visited her cousin.
A.to buy
B.buy
C.bought
D.buying
[分析]根据谓语和句子结构特点,可以看出两空格处都是由and连接的并列谓语,其前后形式应相同,根据时态可知A、C为正确答案。
7.简单句的省略形式。
—Write to me when you get home.
—______.
A.I must
B.I should
C.I will
D.I can
[分析]根据题干知其完整的答语应是I will write to you when I get home.然而,所有答案均是省略句,故C项正确。
8.在简单句中加入插入语,通过分离句子结构来考查简单句。
John plays football_____,if not better than David.
A.as well
B.as well as
C.so well
D.so well as
[分析]题干是在比较John和David的足球水平,if not better than 是插入语,去掉后,结合选项,可以看出前后应是as...as结构的同级比较,故B为正确答案。