业主单位：漂浮城市

项目类别: 公共空间、居住区

主创建筑师：Bjarke Ingels,Daniel Sundlin

项目监管：Alana Goldweit,Jeremy Alain Siegel

合作方: MIT Center for Ocean Engineering,Mobility in Chain,Sherwood Design Engineers,Center for Zero Waste Design,Transsolar Klima

工程: Global Coral Reef Alliance,Studio Other Spaces,Dickson Despommier

设计日期: 2019 年4 月

项目规模: 75 公顷

Client: OCEANIX

Program: Public Space,Living Community

Partners-in-Charge: Bjarke Ingels,Daniel Sundlin

Project Leaders: Alana Goldweit,Jeremy Alain Siegel

Status: In Progress

Collaborators: MIT Center for Ocean Engineering,Mobility in Chain,Sherwood Design Engineers,Center for Zero Waste Design,Transsolar Klima

Engineering: Global Coral Reef Alliance,Studio Other Spaces,Dickson Despommier

Date: 04/2019

Size: 75 hectares

作为联合国人类住区规划署（UN-Habitat）新城市发展议程的一部分，BIG建筑事务所提出了世界上第一个可扩展并可持续发展的漂浮城市设计方案。据估计，到2050年时，世界上90%的大城市将面临海平面上升的威胁，导致大面积的房屋被淹，并且城市基础设施会遭到严重破坏。这个漂浮城市被称作“Oceanix City”，致力于应对由于气候变化所导致的人居环境问题。并且，该方案以联合国可持续发展目标为基础，将实现食物、能源、水和废物的循环利用。

Oceanix City能够随着时间的推移实现有机的扩展，它是一座不断成长、不断适应新变化的城市。占地2公顷的模块化街区可容纳多达300名居民，居民们可利用这些多用途的空间进行生活，工作和聚会。所有的建筑物都保持在7层以下，以创造一个低重心，且能抵抗强风的结构，而扇形的建筑外形能为内部空间和公共空间提供庇荫。

在每个浮动平台的核心区域，有共享的农业设施，让居民在共享文化的同时，实现零废物的可持续性生活。在海平面以下，将进行生态浮礁、海藻、牡蛎、贻贝、扇贝和蛤蜊的养殖，在清洁污水的同时，还能实现生态系统的循环。

根据BIG建筑事务所的方案，每六个浮动平台组成一个村庄，整个城市将包含六个村庄，总共可容纳1万多人。六个浮动平台将共同环绕着一片被保护的中心海港区域，这里设置有社交、娱乐和商业的设施，以鼓励居民们共同聚集，并在村庄周围移动。整个漂浮城市还将包括：公共广场，市场，灵性修炼中心，学习中心，健康中心，体育中心和文化中心，这样完整的城市结构，能让居民们形成强烈的社区意识和身份认同感。

所有的社区，无论规模大小，都会优先考虑使用当地的建筑材料，包括使用快速生长的竹子作为原材料，因为竹子的抗拉强度是钢材的六倍，并且它的碳足迹还为负值，同时还可以在社区内种植。这些城市可以在陆地上进行预制造，然后拖运到目标地点。这样不但可以降低建设成本，并且海洋的租赁成本也很低，可以成为未来有优势的经济适用房模型。

By 2050,90% of the world’s largest cities will be exposed to rising seas.The vast majority of coastal cities will be impacted by coastal erosion and flooding,displacing millions of people,while destroying homes and infrastructure.As part of UN-Habitat’s New Urban Agenda,Oceanix and BIG propose a vision for the world’s first resilient and sustainable floating community for 10 000 residents.Designed as a man-made ecosystem,Oceanix City is anchored in the UN Sustainable Development Goals,channeling flows of energy,water,food and waste to create a blueprint for a modular maritime metropolis.

Oceanix City is designed to grow,transform and adapt organically over time,evolving from neighborhoods to cities with the possibility of scaling indefinitely.Modular neighborhoods of 2 hectares create thriving self-sustaining communities of up to 300 residents with mixed-use space for living,working and gathering during day and night time.All built structures in the neighborhood are kept below 7 stories to create a low center of gravity and resist wind.Every building fans out to self-shade internal spaces and public realm,providing comfort and lower cooling costs while maximizing roof area for solar capture.Communal farming is the heart of every platform,allowing residents to embrace sharing culture and zero waste systems.Below sea level,beneath the platforms,biorock floating reefs,seaweed,oysters,mussel,scallop and clam farming clean the water and accelerate ecosystem regeneration.

By clustering six neighborhoods around a protected central harbor,larger villages of 12 hectares can accommodate up to 1,650 residents.Social,recreational and commercial functions are placed around the sheltered inner ring to encourage citizens to gather and move around the village.Residents can easily walk or boat through the city using electric vehicles.

Aggregating to reach a critical density,six villages connect to form a city of 10,000 residents with a strong sense of community and identity.A larger protected harbor is formed in the heart of the city.Floating destinations and art,including six specialized landmark neighborhoods with a public square,market place and centers for spirituality,learning,health,sport and culture create destinations drawing residents from across the city and anchoring each neighborhood in a unique identity.All communities regardless of size will prioritize locally sourced materials for building construction,including fast-growing bamboo that has six times the tensile strength of steel,a negative carbon footprint,and can be grown on the neighborhoods themselves.

Floating cities can be prefabricated on shore and towed to their final site,reducing construction costs.This paired with the low cost of leasing space on the ocean creates an affordable model of living.These factors mean that affordable housing can be rapidly deployed to coastal megacities in dire need.The first Oceanix Cities are calibrated for the most vulnerable tropical and sub-tropical regions around the globe.