Product by UNESCO IITE （The UNESCO Institute for Information Technologies in Education）聯合国教科文组织教育信息技术研究所

该报告为UNESCO IITE新推出的“教育的数字化转型”（Digital Transformation of Education）系列出版物的第一期。据悉，“教育的数字化转型”系列将包括政策简报、分析报告和反思论文，以探讨由于技术的使用及其对教育和人类生活其他领域的影响，教育领域正在发生和正在出现的根本性变化。

3.3 Parents

3.3.1  Involvement and Engagement

AI supports parental engagement by allowing them to become participants in rather than reviewers of their childs progress， by ensuring that all parties have access to data and insights to inform that collaboration. When parents can monitor their childs progress and intervene at an appropriate juncture， and can communicate with the childs teachers in an informed manner， then all parties benefit — the school， the teacher， the parent， and the child.

3.3.2 Reinforcing Values

By providing parents with greater visibility of their childs progress， AI enables them to become more actively involved， and to reinforce the message that they regard education as of importance. However， to achieve this， schools and colleges must be willing to grant access to key data and the information systems which house it.

3.4  School Leaders

3.4.1 Oversight and Insight

In addition to core factors such as Behaviour and Attendance， educators and school leaders must also evaluate Participation， Persistence， Optimism and Self-Belief， Critical Thinking and a range of other key determinants of future success. Simply put， in the absence of AI it is impossible for a school leader to analyse all of these disparate factors for each student within the school， or to derive the insights necessary to support timely interventions.

3.4.2 Efficiencies and Resource Management

The use of Data and Predictive Analytics can help school leaders to move from reactive to proactive management， and to predict issues before they arise. Artificial Intelligence solutions can be used to lower energy costs by ensuring that heat and light are provided in line with actual demand， with accurate forecasts generated using machine learning based on historical patterns.

3.4.3 Teacher Retention

By allowing them to create personalized learning paths for each of their students — to identify and address each students specific needs — and to generate automated， real-time reports with the click of a button， AI can help to remove many of the frustrations teachers currently face while enabling them to do what they love best in a more effective and rewarding way. It can help school leaders to manage and reduce attrition rates by addressing some of the root causes why teachers opt to leave.

3.4.4 Student Retention and Welfare

Not only can AI help to avert cybersecurity breaches and protect sensitive student data， it can also generate an alert， if， for example， it noticed a student searching about self-harm.

3.4.5 Communications and Community

The foundation for closer relationships is effective communications， and AI can play a part in maintaining and improving these. Personalisation does not only apply to the students learning pathways： it is also possible to personalize the ways in which communications are managed with each parent. When an active discourse between the school， the parents and the local community is supported， the school leaders have access to immediate feedback， and to a range of differing perspectives.

3.5  Local， Regional and National Administration

Although administrative bodies may be at different stages in their data journey， AI， Data & Analytics and Machine Learning technologies have the ability to ingest the available data and to generate insights to assist in the planning process. Because AI is capable of generating those insights in real time， and can continuously update that guidance as the data is refreshed， it enables planners to predict as well as to measure vital components within the planning process.

3.5.1 Resource Planning

In addition to the tracking of key demographical information， capital requirements， staffing and professional development needs， etc.， AI can also assist with services such as the predictive maintenance， allowing planners to proactively address the provision of adequate resources in line with a changing environment.

3.5.2 Curriculum Design

Ensuring that school and college curricula are up to date and can adequately prepare students for the world they will face upon graduation is a perennial challenge. AI cannot address this challenge on its own. Implementing large-scale changes to a national curriculum is the work of several years and involves a huge number of stakeholders and interested parties. The ability to interrogate large data sets， to analyse that data and generate insights， and to expose those insights via dashboards and visualizations tailored to the needs and roles of those tasked with curriculum design can improve the currency and accuracy of the information available to， and the preparedness of those engaged in this essential work.

譯文

3.3 家长

3.3.1 投入和参与

人工智能支持家长参与，让他们成为孩子进步的参与者而不是评论者，确保各方都可以访问数据，并为协作提供信息与见解。当家长可以监控孩子的进步并在适当的时候进行干预，还能以知情的方式与孩子的老师沟通时，那么学校、教师、家长和学生都会受益。

3.3.2 强化价值

通过让父母更清楚地了解孩子的进步，人工智能可以让家长更积极地参与到孩子的教育过程中，并强化他们认为教育很重要的价值观。为了实现这一目标，学校必须允许家长访问关键数据和存储数据的信息系统。

3.4 学校领导

3.4.1 监察和洞悉

除了分析学生行为和出勤率等核心因素外，教育工作者和学校领导还可以评估参与度、坚持、乐观和自信、批判性思维以及影响未来成功的一系列其他关键决定因素。简而言之，在没有人工智能的情况下，学校领导不可能为校内的每个学生分析这些不同的因素，并得到支持及时干预所需的见解。

3.4.2 效率和资源管理

数据和预测分析的使用可以帮助学校领导从被动管理转变为主动管理，并在问题出现之前预测问题。譬如人工智能解决方案可在确保实际需求的前提下提供热量和光照，从而降低能源成本，并使用基于历史模式的机器学习生成准确预测。

3.4.3 留住师资

为每个学生创建个性化的学习路径，识别和满足每个学生的特定需求，并通过单击按钮生成自动化的实时报告，人工智能可以帮助教师解決当前面对的许多问题，同时使他们能够以更有效和更有价值的方式做自己最喜欢的事情。通过解决教师离职的一些根本原因，帮助学校领导留住教师。

3.4.4 留住生源并提供帮助

人工智能不仅可以帮助避免网络安全漏洞和保护学生的敏感信息，还可以做出预警，减少学生退学的风险，例如它关注到学生在搜索有关自我伤害的信息时会发出警报。

3.4.5 家校社沟通

建立更密切关系的基础是有效的沟通，人工智能可以在维护和改进这些方面发挥作用。个性化不仅适用于学生的学习途径，还可以个性化管理家校沟通方式。当学校、家长和当地社区之间的积极对话得到支持时，学校领导可以立即获得反馈，并获得一系列不同的观点。

3.5 地区和国家行政部门

尽管行政机构可能正处于数据旅程的不同阶段，但人工智能、数据分析和机器学习技术有能力摄取可用数据并产生洞察力以协助其规划过程。人工智能可以实时生成这些见解，并且可以在数据刷新时不断更新指导，使规划人员能够预测并衡量规划过程中的重要组成部分。

3.5.1 资源规划

除了跟踪关键的人口统计信息、资本要求、人员配备和专业发展需求等，人工智能还可以协助提供预测性维护等服务，让规划人员能够根据不断变化的环境主动提供足够的资源。

3.5.2 课程设计

确保学校和大学课程是最新的，为学生毕业后将面临的世界做好充分准备，这是一项长期挑战。人工智能无法独自应对这一挑战。国家课程实施大规模改革需要数年时间，涉及大量利益相关者和组织。但人工智能可以辅助查询大型数据集、分析数据并生成见解，通过仪表盘和可视化展示这些见解，以适应课程设计任务的需求和作用，提高课程设计人员可用信息的通用性和准确性，帮助相关工作人员更好地进行准备。