施昌魏

美國科普作家卡尔·萨根说过，每个人在他们幼年的时候都是科学家，因为每个孩子都和科学家一样，对自然界的奇观满怀好奇和敬畏。传统的科学课堂，教学时空固化，学习内容窄化，学习方式单一，难以满足学生的好奇心和求知欲。针对这些问题，温州市区域推进小学生“科学部落格”实践。

科学部落格，是一种“线上+线下”的“混合”学习，它将在线学习和传统教学的优势结合，学生带着自己的问题进行课外科学观察实验活动，通过网络平台发布自己的观察发现和研究成果，并与他人开展基于网络的研讨与交流，促进观察研究活动不断深入。科学部落格，倡导学生不做知识的搬运工，而是做知识的发现者和探索者，重建了学生对“知识”的理解，打开了学生“认识学习之门”，为未知而学，为未来而学。

科学部落格先行探索培养学生的核心素养。学生发展核心素养，指学生应具备的、能够适应终身发展和社会发展需要的必备品格和关键能力。“中国学生发展核心素养”以培养“全面发展的人”为核心，分为文化基础、自主发展、社会参与3个方面，综合表现为人文底蕴、科学精神、学会学习、健康生活、责任担当、实践创新等六大素养。核心素养最终需要在具体教育教学实践中落地。科学部落格的实践就聚焦了“学会学习”“科学精神”“实践创新”等，有助于建构课程育人的专业话语，体现了每一位教育人为学校课程共同解决同类问题所提供的“区域方案”和“学科方案”。

科学部落格是跨学科学习方式的先行探索。科学部落格是一种以项目学习、问题解决为导向的课程组织方式，它将科学（探究）、文学（写作）、技术（信息运用）、数学（数据分析）等有机地融为一体，学生以某一真实情境下的问题开展学习，运用科学知识进行探究，使用数学知识进行数据分析，将研究过程和成果以文字形式记录，再利用网络技术工具进行文件上传、网络互动、沟通交流等，形成基于互联网的线上学习共同体，促进知识的传播和共享，有利于学生综合分析问题、解决问题能力、创新实践能力的培养。

科学部落格是信息技术与科学教育的融合。教育部科技司司长雷朝滋指出，教育信息化2.0时代需要发展基于互联网的教育服务新模式，整合线上线下资源，为各级各类教育和终身学习提供丰富的教育资源。信息技术与教育教学的融合，其核心不是用技术去强化传统教学，而是运用信息技术改变原有的教育教学过程与模式，实现教学方式的转变。科学部落格就是“用技术创新教学”的一种创新实践，让学生通过网络平台（QQ空间、博客、校园网等）发布自己的观察发现和研究成果，整合线上线下资源，借助信息技术帮助学生提高发现问题、解决问题的能力，增长学生的智慧，提升学生的学习兴趣。

科学部落格是探究式科学学习的创新实践。在科学部落格活动中，学生不仅是知识的主动获取者，也是情境的主动创设者。认知情境的创设不再是教师来主导，而是学生通过社会和自然环境等场域主动创造个性化的学习情境。在这样的情境中，学生以科学观察和实验为主要方法，强调以证据为基础，强调信息分析和逻辑推理，强调基于网络平台公开研究结论，强调与他人开展基于网络的研讨与交流，强调项目的不断更新和深入。科学部落格是新课标背景下学生科学探究式学习的一种重要范式。

Science Blog Advocates Learning for the Future

SHI Changwei

中图分类号：G424文献标识码：ADOI：10.16400/j.cnki.kjdk.2021.24.004

SHI Changwei

Director of the Teaching and Research Office of Primary School （Preschool） of Wenzhou Education and Teach‐ing Research Institute， Zhejiang Province

Member of Zhejiang Basic Education Curriculum Reform Professional Steering Committee

Member of Expert Group of Zhejiang STEM Education Collaborative Innovation Center

CarlSagan，anAmericansciencewriter，said that everyone was a scientist when they were young， because every child， like scientists， was full of curios？ ity and awe about the wonders of nature. The tradi？ tionalscienceclassroom，withfixedteachingtime and space， narrow learning content and single learn？ ing method， is difficult to meet students’ curiosity and thirst for knowledge. In view of these problems， Wenzhouregionpromotesthepracticeof"Science Blog" for primary school students.

Science Blog is a "hybrid" learning of "Online+ offline". It combines the advantages of online learn？ ing and traditional teaching. Students carry out extra？ curricular scientific observation and experimental ac？ tivities with their own problems， publish their own ob？ servationfindingsandresearchresultsthroughthe network platform， and carry out network-based discus？ sion and exchange with others to promote the deepen？ ingofobservationandresearchactivities.Science Blog advocates students not to be knowledge porters， but to be knowledge discoverers and explorers， recon？ structs students’ understanding of "knowledge"， opens students’ "door to understanding and learning"， and learns for the unknown and for the future.

ScienceBlogfirst exploresandcultivatesstu？ dents’ core literacy. The core quality of students’ de？ velopment refers to the necessary character and key ability that students should have and can meet the needs of lifelong development and social development“The "core quality of Chinese students’ develop？ ment" focuses on cultivating "people with all-round development"，whichisdividedintothreeaspects： cultural foundation， independent development and so？ cial participation. It is comprehensively reflected in sixelements：HumanisticHeritage，scientificspirit， learning to learn， healthy life， responsibility and prac？ tical innovation. Finally， core literacy needs to be im？ plemented in specific education and teaching prac？ tice. The practice of Science Blog focuses on "learn？ ing to learn"， "scientific spirit" and "practical innova？ tion"， which helps to construct the professional dis？ course of curriculum education， and reflects the "re？ gional scheme" and "discipline scheme" provided by eacheducatorfortheschoolcurriculumtojointly solve similar problems.

Science Blog is the first exploration of interdisci plinarylearning.ScienceBlogisaproject-based learning and problem-solving oriented curriculum or？ ganization. It organically integrates science （inquiry）， literature （writing）， technology （information application） and Mathematics （data analysis）. Students study with problems in a real situation， explore with scientific knowledge and analyze data with mathematical knowl？ edge， Record the research process and results in writ？ ten form， and then use network technology tools for fileupload， networkinteractionandcommunication， so as to form an internet-based online learning com？ munity and promote the dissemination and sharing of knowledge， which is conducive to the cultivation of students’comprehensiveproblemanalysis，problemsolving ability and innovative practice ability.

ScienceBlogistheintegrationofinformation technology and science education. Lei Chaozi， direc？ tor of the science and Technology Department of the Ministry of education， pointed out that the education informatization 2.0 era needs to develop a new model of education services based on the Internet， integrate online and offline resources， and provide rich educa？ tional resources for all kinds of education and life？ long learning at all levels. The core of the integra？ tionofinformationtechnologyandeducationand teaching is not to use technology to strengthen tradi？ tional teaching， but to use information technology to change the original education and teaching process and mode and realize the transformation of teaching methods. Science Blog is an innovative practice of"innovativeteachingwithtechnology"， whichallows students to publish their observations and research re？ sults through network platforms （QQ space， blog， cam？ pus network， etc.）， integrate online and offline resourc？ es， help students improve their ability to find and solve problems， increase their wisdom and enhance their interest in learning with the help of information technology.

Science Blog is an innovative practice of inquiry science learning. In Science Blog activities， students are not only the active acquisition of knowledge， but also the active creator of situation. The creation of cognitive situation is no longer dominated by teach？ ers， but students actively create personalized learning situation through social and natural environment. In such a situation， students take scientific observation and experiment as the main methods， emphasize evi？ dence-based， information analysis and logical reason？ ing， open research conclusions based on network plat？ form， carry out network-based discussion and commu？ nication with others， and constantly update and deep？ en the project. Science Blog is an important para？ digmofstudents’scientificinquirylearningunder the background of the new curriculum standard.