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水胶体敷料在浅表皮肤损伤中的应用效果研究

2019-10-16刘庆

中国美容医学 2019年10期

[摘要]目的:观察水胶体敷料在浅表皮肤损伤中的应用效果。方法:选取笔者医院收治的100例浅表皮肤损伤患者,以随机数字表将其分为两组,各50例,对照组予以外科常规换药法,试验组采用水胶体敷料,比较两组治疗前与首次换药时疼痛数字评分(Numerical rating scale,NRS)、创面改变情况、皮肤损伤愈合时间、平均换药间隔时间、换药次数、瘢痕形成面积及伤口感染率。结果:试验组首次换药时NRS评分明显低于对照组,试验组前3次换药创面面积改变率均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组平均换药间隔时间明显长于对照组,换药次数明显少于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组皮肤损伤愈合时间、瘢痕形成面积及伤口感染率均明显少于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:水胶体敷料治疗浅表皮肤损伤能够减轻患者换药时疼痛感,减少换药次数,降低伤口感染风险,促进皮肤损伤愈合,减少瘢痕形成,具有重要应用价值。

[关键词]水胶体敷料;浅表皮肤损伤;常规换药;瘢痕形成

[中图分类号]R622    [文献标志码]A    [文章编号]1008-6455(2019)10-0008-03

Abstract: Objective  To observe the clinical effect of hydrocolloid dressing in the treatment of superficial skin injury. Methods  100 patients with superficial skin injury who were admitted to the hospital were divided into two groups according to random number table method, 50 cases in each group. The control group was given routine surgical dressing change method. The experimental group was given hydrocolloid dressing. The score of numeric rating scales (NRS), wound change, healing time of skin injury, average interval time of dressing changes, number of dressing changes, scar formation area and wound infection rate before treatment and at the first dressing changes time were compared between the two groups. Results  The NRS score of the first dressing change in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the change rate of wound area in the first three dressing changes in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group, the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The average interval of dressing change in the experimental group was significantly longer than that in the control group, and the number of dressing change in the experimental group was significantly less than that in the control group(P<0.05). The healing time, scar area and wound infection rate of the experimental group were significantly less than those of the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion  Hydrocolloid dressing can alleviate pain of patients at dressing changes time in the treatment of superficial skin injury, reduce number of dressing changes, reduce risk of wound infection, promote healing of skin damage, reduce scar formation. Which is of important application value.

Key words: hydrocolloid dressing; superficial skin injury; routine dressing change; scar formation

浅表皮肤损伤主要指表皮与真皮损伤,具有创口不规则、创伤面积大以及易感染等显著特点[1-2]。胸外科主要外伤类型之一为浅表皮肤损伤,特别是处于暴露状态的部位较为多见。此外,浅表皮肤损伤换药疗程长,并且程序繁琐,难以获得确切疗效,皮肤损伤愈合后,亦容易形成瘢痕,影响患者皮肤外观,导致自卑心理产生,对其心理健康产生一定影响。因而临床在治疗浅表皮肤损伤患者时,不仅应注意伤口的愈合,同时还应该关注瘢痕消退问题,尽量减少损伤对皮肤美观的影响。传统纱布处理浅表皮肤损伤并不能获得理想疗效,伤口愈合时间长,给患者带来了较大身心与经济负担。水胶体敷料为新型敷料,能够减少传统伤口处理措施带来的问题[3-4]。本文以100例浅表皮肤损伤患者作為研究对象,探讨水胶体敷料在浅表皮肤损伤中的疗效。现报道如下。

综上,对浅表皮肤损伤患者采用水胶体敷料,可减轻换药时疼痛程度,减少换药次数,加快皮肤损伤痊愈,减少损伤部位瘢痕形成与伤口感染事件,具有积极应用意义。

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[收稿日期]2019-01-31

本文引用格式:刘庆.水胶体敷料在浅表皮肤损伤中的应用效果研究[J].中国美容医学,2019,28(10):8-11.