文/陈明明

把中文内在含义明确表述出来

1. 科学

“科学”直译为scientif i c，但“科学”在中文中含义要广泛得多，在社会、发展等语境中均不能译为scientif i c。十九大报告中多处出现“科学”“科学发展”的表述，均根据语境不同采取不同译法。

发展必须是科学发展。

Our development must be sound development.（“科学”用sound表达）

构建系统完备、科学规范、运行有效的制度体系

develop a set of institutions that are well conceived, fully built, procedure based, and eff i ciently functioning（用well conceived表达“科学”的概念）

建立全面规范透明、标准科学、约束有力的预算制度

put in place a comprehensive, procedure-based, transparent budget system that uses well-conceived standards and imposes effective constraints（同上）

推进科学立法、民主立法、依法立法，以良法促进发展、保障善治。

We will carry out lawmaking in a well-conceived and democratic way and in accordance with law, so that good laws are made to promote development and ensure good governance.（同上）

面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来的，民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化

a socialist culture for our nation—a culture that is sound and people-oriented, that embraces modernization, the world, and the future（用sound译“科学”）

科学配置党政部门及内设机构权力、明确职责

ensure that powers are designated properly and functions and duties are def i ned clearly both for the institutions themselves and their internal bodies（用designated properly译“科学”）

形成科学合理的管理体制

develop a sound system of administration

增强科学发展本领，善于贯彻新发展理念，不断开创发展新局面。

We should be good at promoting sound development. We should effectively put into practice the new development philosophy, and continue to break new ground in development.

2. 水平

“水平”中文较含糊，英文不宜都机械译为level。

高水平创新团队

high-performing innovation teams（不用 high level）

提高社会治理社会化、法治化、智能化、专业化水平

strengthen public participation and rule of law in social governance, and make such governance smarter and more specialized（“水平”未直译出）

提高国防和军队建设法治化水平

strengthen the role of rule of law in enhancing national defense and military capabilities（“水平”不直译）

公共文化服务水平不断提高。

Public cultural services have been improved.（同上）

国家治理体系和治理能力现代化水平明显提高。

Notable progress has been made in modernizing China’s system and capacity for governance. （同上）

3. 格局

“格局”含义比较模糊，要灵活处理，但均不用pattern的译法。

形成军委管总、战区主战、军种主建新格局

a new military structure has been established with the Central Military Commission exercising overall leadership, the theater commands responsible for military operations, and the services focusing on developing capabilities

推动形成全面开放新格局

make new ground in pursuing opening up on all fronts （“格局”未出现）

坚持大扶贫格局

we will continue to advance poverty reduction drawing on the joint efforts of government, society, and the market（“格局”未译，“大”中文含义未说明，英文译出。）

打造共建共治共享的社会治理格局

establish a social governance model based on collaboration, participation,and common interests（此处“格局”用“model”代替）

推动形成人与自然和谐发展现代化建设新格局

work to develop a new model of modernization with humans developing in harmony with nature

形成节约资源和保护环境的空间格局、产业结构、生产方式、生活方式

develop spatial layouts, industrial structures, and ways of work and life that help conserve resources and protect the environment □

Recommended Books for Preschoolers

The Cat in the Hat

Quite simply, this Dr. Seuss masterwork is the most revolutionary children’s book to come out in the past one hundred years. It’s a bold statement at fi rst, but you need to take a look at the back story to fully appreciate the sentiment.Theodore Geisel (aka Dr. Seuss) created this story in 1957 as a reaction to early childhood literacy in the United States—specif i cally, books that were geared to be primers for kids to learn how to read. Essentially, Geisel was challenged

to write a book that was far more entertaining and effective in its endgame than traditional primers like theDick and Janeseries were.The result was a book that featured wildly inventive illustrations and simple story, both of which effortlessly evoked a sense of adventure.