文/克里斯琴·乔治 译/任东升

By Christian George

【编者按】《圣经》是西方文化的源头之一，影响了不少作家的文学创作，英语学习者有必要从文学鉴赏的角度对其有所了解，我们从本期起选取六个有关《圣经》人物的故事，希望对读者学习西方文化或文学有所助益。

A Day with Jesus (I)耶 稣 的 一 天 （一）

文/克里斯琴·乔治 译/任东升

ByChristian George

The Gospel of Markchronicles a day from the beginning of Jesus’ ministry1ministry事工，即神职人员的传教。. 《马可福音》记载了耶稣传教伊始的一天。

Nearly 2,000 years ago in what is present-day northern Israel, a man walked along the shore of the Sea of Galilee2加利利海，虽然称“海”，其实是“湖”，是世界上最大的淡水湖。. His clothes reflected the common Jewish attire of His3在英文圣经译本里用来指代耶稣的主格、宾格、所有格、反身代词时均为首字母大写，表示对耶稣的尊称。本文作者遵循这一传统。time—a linen shirt underneath a tunic4tunic无袖的宽松短袍。. He wore leather sandals that offered little protection from the rocky banks. Unlike European Renaissance depictions of Jesus as a towering hulk5hulk体量高大的人。with flowing blonde hair and deep blue eyes, this Middle Eastern Jew had short, dark, tightly curled hair,a weathered face befitting a man of His outdoor profession and, according to a recent forensic anthropological6forensic anthropological法医人类学的。study,was probably no more than 5 feet 1 inch in height. His name was Yeshua7约书亚，希伯来语，意思是“耶和华是拯救”。, or as it would later be pronounced, Jesus8耶稣，是希腊语发音。.

大约2000年前，在位于今天以色列北部的地区，一名男子走在加利利海岸。他的装束是那个时代最常见的犹太式风格——身穿亚麻布衬衫，外罩无袖短袍，脚上一双皮革凉鞋，这种凉鞋走在石头遍布的海堤上几乎起不到护脚的作用。体量高大、金发飘逸、眼睛深蓝是欧洲文艺复兴时期对耶稣形象的描绘，眼前这个中东犹太男子可与此不同：一头黑色短发，浓密而曲卷，风吹日晒的面庞倒是与他的户外职业相称。据最近一项法医人类学研究表明，他身高或许不过5英尺1英寸（约1.55米）。此人名叫“约书亚”，后来发音变为“耶稣”（Jesus）。

[2] A native of Nazareth9拿撒勒（耶稣的故乡，因而有“拿撒勒人耶稣”之称谓）。, a village of only 200 to 400 people, Jesus relocated10relocate迁移。as an adult to densely populated Capernaum11Capernaum迦百农。, a polyglot12polyglot使用多种语言的。port on the banks of the Sea of Galilee, situated on the Via Maris13威亚马里斯（商道）。拉丁文，意思是“沿海之路”（the way of theea）。, the main trade route connecting Mesopotamia14Mesopotamia美索不达米亚（平原）。with the Mediterranean. Recent archaeological digs have revealed no less that 15 ports along the coast of the large freshwater lake, but none as trafficked as the one Jesus selected to be His home base for a ministry that soon would go viral15go viral 像病毒一样传播开来。.A modern-sized military garrison16garrison要塞。in Capernaum reminded the Jewish community of the consequences of rebelling against Roman occupation. In A.D. 67,the Jews did rise against the Romans,resulting in the ruthless carnage17carnage大屠杀。of 6,700 of them by Emperor Nero18尼禄（公元9—68年），罗马帝国国王（公元54—68年在位）。’s most competent general, Vespasian19维斯佩西安（公元7—79年），罗马帝国将军，后成为罗马帝国国王（公元69—79年在位）。.

[2]耶稣是土生土长的拿撒勒人，这个小村只有两百到四百人。成年后迁移到加利利岸边人口密集的多语港城迦百农，该城位于连接美索不达米亚平原和地中海的主要商道威亚马里斯。最近的考古挖掘证明，这个面积广大的淡水湖沿岸有至少15个港口，但是没有一个像迦百农那么交通繁忙，耶稣选定这里作为即将广泛开展传道的大本营。此地设有一个达到现代规模的军事要塞，时刻提醒犹太人反抗罗马统治的后果。公元67年，犹太人确曾发动起义反抗罗马统治，结果6700名犹太人惨遭尼禄皇帝最得力的将军维斯佩西安无情杀戮。

[3] But 30 years prior, as Jesus walked the streets of Capernaum, the Jewish citizens were restless for revolution. Political tensions were as thick in the air as the 27 species of fish in the water. The coast of Galilee was the perfect place to pick a handful of fisherman to launch a controversial counterculture movement.

Friday, after sunrise Sea of Galilee

[4] Simon and his brother, Andrew,turned to see a stranger proposition20proposition建议。them. “Follow me” (Mark 1:17). They recognized the local Galilean dialect.He is one of us.But follow you? Follow you where? Following this stranger would mean forfeiting their catch, and mornings were the most profitable time for gathering the three types of edible species found in the Sea of Galilee —sardines, barbels and tilapis21在加利利地区罗非鱼被称为“圣彼得鱼”（St. Peter Fish）。. Next to gathering nuts, figs, olives and grapes for export, fishing drove the economy of Galilee. And not everyone could afford to own a boat. Simon and his brother were fortunate and were guaranteed steady and reliable revenue22revenue收入。as long as they kept fishing.

[3]不过，30多年之前，当耶稣走在迦百农的街道之际，那里的犹太公民都急不可耐，想发起一场革命。政治紧张笼罩的氛围全城，就像湖里拥挤着的27种鱼那般躁动。要是想挑选若干渔夫发动一场反文化运动引发骚乱的话，加利利沿岸便是绝佳之地。

星期五，日出后加利利海

[4]西门和他的兄弟安德烈，回头看见一个陌生人冲他们说：“来跟从我。”（《马可福音》1:17）哥俩听得出他的加利利当地口音，此人和我们一样。但是要跟从你？跟从你去哪里？跟从这个陌生人就意味着赔掉他们捕鱼的收获，况且早上是捕捞加利利海中三种鲜鱼——沙丁鱼、鲃鱼、罗非鱼的最佳时段。捕鱼业推动着加利利地区的经济，仅次于供出口的坚果、无花果收成、橄榄和葡萄。并不是谁都有财力拥有自己的渔船，西门和他的兄弟很幸运，只要这么捕鱼就能保证稳定可靠的收入。

[5] Even though it was occupation suicide, the two men dropped their fishing nets and followed this man. Not far down the coast, Jesus encountered James and his brother, John. They, too,abandoned the morning catch and “left their father Zebedee in the boat with the hired men and followed him” (Mark 1:20). The decision these men made would eventually cost each of them not only a lifetime of earnings, but also their lives. According to some sources,all of Jesus’ disciples would be executed or exiled because of their affiliation23affiliation隶属；密切联系。with this newfangled24newfangled新奇的。radical.

[5]尽管跟从耶稣无异于职业自杀，两个人还是丢下渔网跟从了这个人。沿岸边没走多远，耶稣遇见了雅各和他的兄弟约翰。同样，这哥俩也放弃了早上捕鱼的机会，“就把父亲西庇太和雇工留在船上，跟从耶稣去了”（《马可福音》1:20）。这几个人做出如此决定，最终不仅失去一辈子的生计，还要付出自己的性命。据一些文献记载，耶稣的所有门徒都因为和他这个新异的激进分子的关系密切而被处死或遭流放。