陈能成 王伟 陈旭 严颂华 王超

摘 要：对地观测传感网系统由于其立体、实时、动态的数据获取能力，准确、综合、连续多样的数据服务能力，已成为了空间信息科学界重要的理论研究对象，各国航天发展战略的重要组成部分以及人类获取地球系统数据，认知地球系统的重要手段。该文系统归纳了各类主要的对地观测服务系统的发展历史、现状，涉及其系统架构、服务模式、标准规范等多个方面，重点阐述了对地观测传感网系统概念的提出、发展、实现，并进一步分析了近年来出现的新理论、新技术、新需求对下一代对地观测传感网系统架构的影响，指出了其虚拟化、智能化、普适化和主动化的发展趋势。

关键词：对地观测 观测网 传感网 服务模式 系统架构

Abstract：With the stereoscopic， real-time and dynamic capability of data acquisition， as well as the accurate， comprehensive and continuously diversified data service competence， the Earth Observation sensor web systems has become the theoretical research object in the domain of spatial information science， the significant components of national space development strategy for various countries， and an important means for Earth system recognition. This study sums up the development history and current situation of the main Earth Observation service systems， covering the aspects of system architecture， service mode and standard specification， emphasizes on the proposing， developing and implementing of the notions of the Earth Observation sensor web systems， further analyzes the effects of the recently emerged theories， technologies， and requirements on the next generation of Earth Observation sensor web system architecture， and points out the development trend of virtualization， intellectualization， automation and generalization.

Key Words：Earth observation；Observation web；Sensor web；Service pattern；System architecture

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